Response and adaptation to exercises
Zahra hosseinzadeh barkusaraie; Atefeh Akef; Hamid Arazi; Javad Mehrabani; farhad rahmani nia
Abstract
Introduction & objective: Resistance training is one of the types of training methods that has the potential to improve strength, endurance and muscle strength and reduce the rate of injury and increase athletic performance in young athletes.Method: the sample size was 30 young active women (age: ...
Read More
Introduction & objective: Resistance training is one of the types of training methods that has the potential to improve strength, endurance and muscle strength and reduce the rate of injury and increase athletic performance in young athletes.Method: the sample size was 30 young active women (age: 26.61±4.55 years, height: 166.3±4.67 cm and weight: 60.08±6.05 kg). They performed an 8-week training course, three sessions per week/1 hour. Agonist and antagonist muscles were trained in the superset and compound set protocols. The movement sets for each muscle were 4 sets. The intensity of exercise was between 80-95% RM. Rest intervals between each set were also 2 minutes. Results: The compound and superset resistance trainings had a significant effect on salivary levels of cortisol, testosterone and cortisol/testosterone ratio in young female athletes (p<0.05). This significant difference was observed in the comparison between the compound-control and superset-control groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that both training methods, especially the superstar drills, were able to affect the limb environment, muscle strength and endurance, and the percentage of body fat in active young women.
Exercise Physiology
Fahimeh Mehrabani; farhad rahmani nia; Javad Mehrabani; Nasrin Razavianzadeh
Abstract
Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition in which the accumulation of fat in the liver increases. Exercise training can improve the condition by preventing excessive accumulation of fat in the liver as a non-pharmacological intervention and preventing the progression of ...
Read More
Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a condition in which the accumulation of fat in the liver increases. Exercise training can improve the condition by preventing excessive accumulation of fat in the liver as a non-pharmacological intervention and preventing the progression of the disease to chronic liver disease. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of combined exercises training with two intensities on FGF-21, insulin resistance, liver enzymes and body composition of women with fatty liver.Materials and Methods: 33 women with NAFLD with a mean age of 57.7 ± 45.43 years and a body mass index of 84.32 6 6 kg/m2 randomly divided into three equal groups; aerobic interval training (AIT); high intensity interval training (HIIT); and controls. The training program was performed for 12 weeks and 3 sessions per week. The variables were measured before and after the training program. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures (p< 0.05). Results: The results showed that HOMA-IR index and serum FGF-21 were significantly reduced in the combined training groups compared to the control (p<0.05). No significant effect or difference was observed in ALT and AST enzyme levels. Also, a significant decrease in body fat percentage was observed (p<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that women with NAFLD are likely to be able to use both combined resistance training intensity and moderate to severe interval as a non-pharmacological solution to reduce fat percentage and improve insulin and FGF-21 resistance.
Maryam Mostafavian; Ahmad Abdi; Javad Mehrabani; Alireza Barari
Abstract
Aim: Converting white adipose tissue (WAT) to brown adipose tissue (BAT) is therapeutic potential to combat obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic training and capsaicin (Cap) on FNDC5 gene expression and irisin protein level of visceral adipose tissue in rat fed ...
Read More
Aim: Converting white adipose tissue (WAT) to brown adipose tissue (BAT) is therapeutic potential to combat obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic training and capsaicin (Cap) on FNDC5 gene expression and irisin protein level of visceral adipose tissue in rat fed a high-fat diet (HFD).Methods: 40 male Wistar rats were fed a normal diet (ND, n = 8) or HFD (n = 32) for 8 weeks. After 8 weeks, all rats were divided into 5 groups: ND, HFD, high-fat diet-training (HFDT), high-fat diet-capsaicin (HFDCap), high-fat diet-training-capsaicin (HFDTCap). Training groups have performed a progressive aerobic running program (at 15-25 m/min, 30-60 min/day, and 5 days/week) on a motor-driven treadmill for eight weeks. Capsaicin (4 mg/kg/day) were administered orally, by gavage, once a day. Results: The results of this study showed that FNDC5 expression (p=0.001) and irisin (p=0.000) was decreased in HFD group compared to ND group. Also, the expression of FNDC5 and irisin in HFDT (Respectively p=0.006, p=0.020), HFDCap (Respectively p=0.005, p=0.021) and HFDTCap (Respectively p=0.000, p=0.000) groups was significantly increased compared to HFD. The expression of FNDC5 and irisin in HFDTCap was also significantly increased compared to HFDT (Respectively p=0.037, p=0.035) and HFDCap (Respectively p=0.044, p=0.033) groups.Conclusions: Aerobic training combination with capsaicin with increased FNDC5 and irisin in visceral adipose tissue, had Interactive effects on factors affecting browning of adipose tissue.
B Esmaeili; A Abdi; J Mehrabani
Abstract
Aim: Lipocalin-2 and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß) are two inflammatory markers affecting on insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training with cinnamon extract on blood levels of Lipocalin-2 and IL-1ß in insulin-resistant rats. Method: : In this ...
Read More
Aim: Lipocalin-2 and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß) are two inflammatory markers affecting on insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic training with cinnamon extract on blood levels of Lipocalin-2 and IL-1ß in insulin-resistant rats. Method: : In this experimental study thirty-six Wistar male rats were randomly divided into four groups: control (n=9), aerobic training (n=9), cinnamon (n=9), and aerobic training+cinnamon (n=9). Insulin-resistance status induced by %10 fructose solutions during 5 weeks. Training groups subjected to a 5-day per week aerobic training program (with 75-80% VO2max) for 8 weeks. Supplementayion groups subjected to injected 200 ml/kg/day cinnamon extract. Results: Exercise training significantly reduced Lipocalin-2 compared to the control group, and compared to extract group (P<0.05). Also, in all three experimental groups, IL-1 beta decreased significantly compared to control (P<0.05), and significant decrease was observed in the extract group compared to the training group and extract (PConclusion: Results of this study indicated that aerobic training with cinnamon extract more than any of them alone effects on reduction IL-1ß. But the effect of the combination of aerobic training and cinnamon extract on lipocalin-2 requires further investigation.
J Mehrabani; O Khoshkhoui
Abstract
Aim: Systemic inflammation is one of the important consequences of the intensive physical exercises that can lead to decline in performance, same as leading to disorder of cell metabolism and inflammation acute phase responses. probably immune booster supplements can be effective in improving these functions. ...
Read More
Aim: Systemic inflammation is one of the important consequences of the intensive physical exercises that can lead to decline in performance, same as leading to disorder of cell metabolism and inflammation acute phase responses. probably immune booster supplements can be effective in improving these functions. The present study assessing the effects of a treadmill exhaustive exercise after taking Glutamine on level of glucose, insulin, hs-CRP WBC, lactate and fibrinogen among 19 young athletic men
Method: The participants were selected randomly and divided into two groups of Glutamine (n=9, age: 21.1±0.8yr; weight: 68.9±6.2kg) and placebo (n= 10, age: 20.9±0.6yr; weight: 66.9±6.8kg). Glutamine group received 16gr. Glutamine mixed in 50gr. sucrose (sugar), 1.5gr. lemon juice and 300ml water. The placebo group, on the other hand, received 300ml solution of 5% sucrose (i.e. 300ml and 5% sucrose (sugar) and 0.15% lemon juice. After 15min of rest, the participants took glutamine and placebo using double blind method and engaged in an exhaustive Bruce protocol after 1hr of rest.
Results: The results showed that blood hs-CRP level in the Glutamine group was not changed significantly comparing with that of placebo group immediately after exercise. Although, blood level of glucose, insulin and fibrinogen showed significant changes immediately after exercise between the Glutamine and placebo, and an increase immediately after exercise compared to pre-exercise (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Apparently, exercise and taking Glutamine influences on hs-CRP level; although, did not stop increase in glucose, insulin and fibrinogen after exhaustive exercise. It seems taking supplementary Glutamine, probably, can decrease blood level of CRP as a major acute phase response after an intense exercise.
Farhad Rahmani-Nia F; Javad Mehrabani; Mahdiheh Zanganeh
Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, , Pages 173-185
Abstract
Objective: Aging in women and the incidence of amenorrhea can lead to eating disorders, obesity and dissatisfaction of their body shape. Methodology: A total of 434 (108 athletes; BMI: 28.27±2.41, and 326 non-athletes; BMI: 35.11±4.13) Iranian women between 35-50 years old, participated ...
Read More
Objective: Aging in women and the incidence of amenorrhea can lead to eating disorders, obesity and dissatisfaction of their body shape. Methodology: A total of 434 (108 athletes; BMI: 28.27±2.41, and 326 non-athletes; BMI: 35.11±4.13) Iranian women between 35-50 years old, participated in this study. The data were collected via a package that was consisted of questionnaires involving demographic, athletic history, menstrual pattern, eating attitude test-26, (The EAT-26 questionnaire) and female body image scale. The body mass index (BMI) was measured to compare actual, perceived and ideal body sizes Data were analyzed by Mann Whitney U and Spearman correlation. Results: The finding showed that there was no significant difference between eating disorder and secondary amenorrhea between athlete and non-athlete groups; but there was significant difference between body dissatisfaction, social pressure to change weight and actual BMI between two groups (P<0.05). The most rate of body dissatisfaction and social pressure to change weight observed in non athletes women (P<0.05). Conclusion: In general, it seems that exercise can reduce eating disorders and body dissatisfaction or fitness contribute to increased performance.
Hamid Mohebbi; Poyan Sayad Haghshomar; Javad Mehrabani
Volume 3, Issue 2 , July 2014, , Pages 155-166
Abstract
Abstract
Aim: The Aim of present study was to investigate response of salivary IgA and cortisol to reduction body's carbohydrate reserves following paddling interval exercise in men kayakers.
Method: Subjects included 10 men elite kayakers, with a mean age of 18.6±4.2 years, height 179.2±4.07 and ...
Read More
Abstract
Aim: The Aim of present study was to investigate response of salivary IgA and cortisol to reduction body's carbohydrate reserves following paddling interval exercise in men kayakers.
Method: Subjects included 10 men elite kayakers, with a mean age of 18.6±4.2 years, height 179.2±4.07 and weight 68.3±9.6 kg, that participated in two separate session within 7 days in two tests and were evaluated. At first, when the glycogen levels were normal, they performed interval exercise protocol, including 3 time padlling for 1000 meters with 90% maximum heart rate intensity and the rest interval 1.5 fold of padlling time, then the day before main test, to reduce body carbohydrates reserves, they performed a test of padlling with 80% maximum heart rate and rate intensity for 60 minutes and a test including 4 times padlling for 250 meters wihe 90% maximum heart rate intensity and 1.5 fold rest interval were followed. Then, subject’s nutritional status was controlled and they were asked to stay fast overnight. In the morning, after 12 hours fasting, the interval exercise protocol was performed. Saliva samples were collected before, immediately and 3 hours after exercise. were used Analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test to locate differences and the independent t-test to compare the differences in normal and reduction body's carbohydrate reserves conditions.
Results: One bout of paddling interval exercise significantly reduced salivary IgA and increased cortisol levels (P
