Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Authors
- Fariba Pourasghar 1
- jabbar bashiri 2
- Roghayeh Pouzesh Jadidi 3
- HASSAN POURRAZI 4
- Mir Alireza Nourazar 5
1 PhD student
2 Associate Professor, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Iran
3 : Assistant Prof., Department of Exercise Physiology, Tabriz branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
4 Assistant Professor of Exercise Physiology, Department of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
5 Assistant Professor, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Tabriz Azad University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of intense interval exercise training and melatonin supplementation on the apoptotic indices of kidney tissue in rats suffering from renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Methodology: 30 male Wistar rats (weight: 250 and 300 grams) were randomly divided into 5 groups, healthy, Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R), I/R + intense interval training, I/R + melatonin supplement and I/R + high intensive interval training + melatonin supplement. Except for the healthy group, the animals were subjected to ischemia-reperfusion in other test groups. The high intensive interval training protocol was implemented for 12 weeks (5 days per week). Caspase 3, BAX, BCL2 and TNFα gene expression indices were measured by real time PCR method. Because of the non-normal distribution of parameters, the data were analysed by Kruskal–Wallis, Mann–Whitney and Wilcoxon test at the significance level of p <0.05. Results: The results show an increase in Bax, Bax/Bcl2, Caspase3 and TNFα and a significant decrease in Bcl2 in I/R group compared to the healthy group. Compared to the IR group, the level of the Bax, Caspase3, TNF and Bax/Bcl2 were significantly decreased (p<0.05) and the level of Bcl2 was significantly increased (p<0.05) in the high intensive interval training along with melatonin supplementation group. Also, regular use of melatonin supplement after IR led to a significant decrease (p<0.05) of TNFα compared to the IR group. Conclusion: It seems that the high-intensity interval training and melatonin supplementation are effective in protecting kidney tissue against apoptotic damage and inflammation caused by renal ischemia.
Keywords
Main Subjects
- Shen S, Zhou J, Meng S, Wu J, Ma J, Zhu C, et al. The protective effects of ischemic preconditioning on rats with renal ischemia-reperfusion injury and the effects on the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax. Experimental and therapeutic medicine. 2017;14(5):40-77-82.
- Montazery Taleghani H, Shakeri N, Ebrahim K, Soori R, Gholami M. The effect of 8 weeks resistance exercise on cardaic apoptosis biomarkers in diabetic rats. Metabolism and Exercise. 2019;9(2):149-61.
3.Kourtis A, Adamopoulos PG, Papalois A, Iliopoulos DC, Babis GC, Scorilas A. Quantitative analysis and study of the mRNA expression levels of apoptotic genes BCL2, BAX and BCL2L12 in the articular cartilage of an animal model of osteoarthritis. Annals of translational medicine. 2018;6(12).
- Ahmadiasl N, Banaei S, Alihemmati A. Combination antioxidant effect of erythropoietin and melatonin on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Iranian journal of basic medical sciences. 2013;16(12):1209.
- Hadj Ayed Tka K, Mahfoudh Boussaid A, Zaouali MA, Kammoun R, Bejaoui M, Ghoul Mazgar S, et al. Melatonin modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress and Akt/GSK3-beta signaling pathway in a rat model of renal warm ischemia reperfusion. Analytical Cellular Pathology. 2015;2015(1):1-10.
- Potić M, Ignjatović I, Ničković VP, Živković JB, Krdžić JD, Mitić JS, et al. Two different melatonin treatment regimens prevent an increase in kidney injury marker-1 induced by carbon tetrachloride in rat kidneys. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 2019;97(5):422-8.
- Yang CC, Sung PH, Chiang JY, Chai HT, Chen CH, Chu YC, et al. Combined tacrolimus and melatonin effectively protected kidney against acute ischemia‐reperfusion injury. The FASEB Journal. 2021;35(6):e21661.
- Galano A, Tan DX, Reiter RJ. Melatonin as a natural ally against oxidative stress: a physicochemical examination. Journal of pineal research. 2011;51(1):1-16.
- Mauriz JL, Collado PS, Veneroso C, Reiter RJ, González‐Gallego J. A review of the molecular aspects of melatonin’s anti‐inflammatory actions: recent insights and new perspectives. Journal of pineal research. 2013;54(1):1-14.
- Balduini W, Carloni S, Perrone S, Bertrando S, Tataranno ML, Negro S, et al. The use of melatonin in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage: an experimental study. The journal of maternal-fetal & neonatal medicine. 2012;25(sup1):119-24.
- Lochner A, Huisamen B, Nduhirabandi F. Cardioprotective effect of melatonin against ischaemia/reperfusion damage. Frontiers in Bioscience-Elite. 2013;5(1):305-15.
- Dun R-l, Lan T-y, Tsai J, Mao J-m, Shao Y-q, Hu X-h, et al. Protective effect of melatonin for renal ischemia-reperfusion injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Frontiers in Physiology. 2022;12:791036.
- Abdel-Razek HA, Rizk MS, Amer GS, Kora MA, Afifi AM, Donia SS. Impact of combined ischemic preconditioning and melatonin on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 2023;26(2):235.
- El-Saka M, Madi N, Abou Fard G. Effect of moderate and severe swimming exercise on hepatic injury and apoptosis induced by renal ischemia reperfusion in male albino rats. Bulletin of Egyptian Society for Physiological Sciences. 2014;34(2):160-75.
- Eybl V, Kotyzová D, Černá P, Koutenský J. Effect of melatonin, curcumin, quercetin, and resveratrol on acute ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA)-induced renal oxidative damage in rats. Human & experimental toxicology. 2008;27(4):347-53.
- Aydın G, Ōzçelik N, Cicek E, Soyöz M. Histopathologic changes in liver and renal tissues induced by Ochratoxin A and melatonin in rats. Human & experimental toxicology. 2003;22(7):383-91.
- Aouichat S, Navarro-Alarcon M, Alarcón-Guijo P, Salagre D, Ncir M, Zourgui L, Agil A. Melatonin improves endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated IRE1α pathway in Zücker diabetic fatty rat. Pharmaceuticals. 2021;14(3):232.
- Ghiasi S, Bashiri J, Pourrazi H, Jadidi RP. The effect of high-intensity interval training and CoQ10 administration on hepatic CEACAM1 and PDGFA proteins in diet-induced obese rats. Sport Sciences for Health. 2023;19(2):581-8.
- Bhalodia Y, Kanzariya N, Patel R, Patel N, Vaghasiya J, Jivani N, Raval H. Renoprotective activity of benincasa cerifera fruit extract on ischemia/reperfusion-induced renal damage in rat.Iranian Journal of Kidney Diseases. 3(2): 80-85.
- Goligorsky MS. Whispers and shouts in the pathogenesis of acute renal ischaemia. Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation. 2005;20(2):261-6.
- Tuğtepe H, Şener G, Bıyıklı NK, Yüksel M, Çetinel Ş, Gedik N, Yeğen BÇ. The protective effect of oxytocin on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Regulatory peptides. 2007;140(3):101-8.
- Ren M, Wang X, Du G, Tian J, Liu Y. Calycosin‑7‑O‑β‑D‑glucoside attenuates ischemia‑reperfusion injury in vivo via activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Molecular Medicine Reports. 2016;13(1):633-40.
- Medicine ACoS, Thompson PD, Franklin BA, Balady GJ, Blair SN, Corrado D, et al. Exercise and acute cardiovascular events: placing the risks into perspective: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism and the Council on Clinical Cardiology. Circulation. 2007;115(17):2358-68.
- Subramaniam RM, Suarez-Cuervo C, Wilson RF, Turban S, Zhang A, Sherrod C, et al. Effectiveness of prevention strategies for contrast-induced nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of internal medicine. 2016;164(6):406-16.
- Sener G, Sehirli AÖ, Keyer‐Uysal M, Arbak S, Ersoy Y, Yeğen BÇ. The protective effect of melatonin on renal ischemia–reperfusion injury in the rat. Journal of pineal research. 2002;32(2):120-6.
)