Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Physiology
tahereh shadpour ali zadeh; Mohammad ali Azarbayjani; sirvan atashak; maghsoud peeri; saleh Rahmati ahmad abad
Abstract
AbstractAim:Menopause is associated with an imbalance in the expression of atherogenesis genes in the motor nerve terminal. However, the effect of resistance training on the gene expression affecting the inhibition of sarcopenia in the neurotransmitter plate is not well understood.The purpose of this ...
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AbstractAim:Menopause is associated with an imbalance in the expression of atherogenesis genes in the motor nerve terminal. However, the effect of resistance training on the gene expression affecting the inhibition of sarcopenia in the neurotransmitter plate is not well understood.The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 8 weeks of increasing resistance training on the gene expression of AKT and mTORC-1 in the motor end plate of the quadriceps muscle of post-menopausal wistar rat.Methods:In this experimental study, 20 female Wistar rats (8 to 12 weeks old) with an average weight of 235 to 265 g, were randomly divided into 2 groups including Resistance Training (RT) and Control (C).Ovariectomy was performed after anesthesia with an intraperitoneal injection of Ketamine/Xylazine mixture with a bilateral incision in the lumbar region. incremental resistance training was performed for 8 weeks, 5 days a week on an 85 degree incline ladder. After 24 hours of the last training session and afterward recovery, animals were sacrificed and their quadriceps muscle was extracted. Real-time PCR was used to determine the expression of AKT and mTORC-1 genes.T-test was used at alpha level of 0.05 to compare the independent groups.Results:Genes expression AKT and Mtorc-1 were increased in the training group compared to the control(P=0.001 and P=0.003 respectively).The rats body weight did not show significant change in any of the groups(P=0.151).Conclusion:It seems that increasing resistance training reduces sarcopenia by increasing the genes expression of AKT and mTORC-1 in the motor end plate.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Response and adaptation to exercises
Zahra hosseinzadeh barkusaraie; Atefeh Akef; Hamid Arazi; Javad Mehrabani; farhad rahmani nia
Abstract
Introduction & objective: Resistance training is one of the types of training methods that has the potential to improve strength, endurance and muscle strength and reduce the rate of injury and increase athletic performance in young athletes.Method: the sample size was 30 young active women (age: ...
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Introduction & objective: Resistance training is one of the types of training methods that has the potential to improve strength, endurance and muscle strength and reduce the rate of injury and increase athletic performance in young athletes.Method: the sample size was 30 young active women (age: 26.61±4.55 years, height: 166.3±4.67 cm and weight: 60.08±6.05 kg). They performed an 8-week training course, three sessions per week/1 hour. Agonist and antagonist muscles were trained in the superset and compound set protocols. The movement sets for each muscle were 4 sets. The intensity of exercise was between 80-95% RM. Rest intervals between each set were also 2 minutes. Results: The compound and superset resistance trainings had a significant effect on salivary levels of cortisol, testosterone and cortisol/testosterone ratio in young female athletes (p<0.05). This significant difference was observed in the comparison between the compound-control and superset-control groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that both training methods, especially the superstar drills, were able to affect the limb environment, muscle strength and endurance, and the percentage of body fat in active young women.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Physiology
Maryam Kafi; khadijeh irandoust
Abstract
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of aerobic exercise and quercetin supplementation on the progression of colon cancer in rats and changes in the effects of IGF1 and myostatin on muscle tissue and the shape of fluctuations in atrophy and muscle wasting. Methods: The subjects ...
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Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of aerobic exercise and quercetin supplementation on the progression of colon cancer in rats and changes in the effects of IGF1 and myostatin on muscle tissue and the shape of fluctuations in atrophy and muscle wasting. Methods: The subjects of this study included 25 male Wistar rats (weight: 250± 30 g, age: 12 weeks) which were homogenized by weight and randomly divided into 5 groups (5 heads in each group) of healthy controls. Cancer control group, cancer group + quercetin supplement, cancer group + aerobic exercise, cancer group + quercetin supplement + aerobic exercise was evaluated. Measurements of IGF1 and myostatin in muscle tissue of rats were performed according to the standard and ELISA method. SPSS software was used for data analysis. Results: The results showed that 8 weeks of aerobic training in muscle tissue of mice with colon cancer had a significant effect on the mean values of myostatin (p = 0.005) and IGF1 (p = 0.019). 8 weeks of quercetin supplementation in muscle tissue of mice with colon cancer had a significant effect on mean myostatin and mean values IGF (P <0.05) in the control and experimental groups (8 weeks of quercetin supplementation) had no significant effect on mean myostatin and IGF1. (P>0/05) Conclusion: In general, the findings showed that aerobic exercise and quercetin supplementation improve IGF1 and reduce myostatin in muscle tissue of mice with colon cancer.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Response and adaptation to exercises
Mohammad Esmaeil Afzalpour; Mehdi Mogharnasi; Mohsen Mohsem Mohammadnia Ahmadi; Baghbani Alieh
Abstract
Aim: The aim of study was to effect of short-term consumption of green tea on metabolic cost and substrate oxidation during acute exercise with Fatmax intensity in healthy overweight or obese men.Methods: Fifteen men were studied as cross-examined in one group. First, on the treadmill connected to the ...
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Aim: The aim of study was to effect of short-term consumption of green tea on metabolic cost and substrate oxidation during acute exercise with Fatmax intensity in healthy overweight or obese men.Methods: Fifteen men were studied as cross-examined in one group. First, on the treadmill connected to the gas analyzer, a sports protocol was performed at a speed of 3.5 km/hour, a slope of 1%, for 3 minutes, and after a 2-minute break (first stage), the activity was performed at a speed of 4 km/hour with a slope of one percent (second stage); and then at a speed of 5 km/hour (third stage); and then at a speed of 6 km/hour (fourth stage); And finally, it was implemented at a speed of 6.5 km/hour (4 minutes). Next, the participants consumed 1000 mg/day green tea for a week and came to the laboratory for the second time. Then they consumed placebo for a week and came to the laboratory for the third time. The maximum of fat oxidation (MFO) and the intensity of activity at which MFO occurs (Fatmax) were determined. Results: Between fat oxidation, respiratory exchange ratio, oxygen consumption and energy expenditure in two cases of 7 days green tea consumption and placebo; there was no significant difference (p>0.05).Conclusion: Short-term consumption of green tea before acute exercise at Fatmax intensity has no effect on energy expenditure, oxygen consumption and fat reduction, and its consumption period and dosage should be studied further.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Response and adaptation to exercises
hamed rashidi; Najmeh Rezaeian
Abstract
Aim: Steroid Receptor RNA Activator (SRA) is one of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) playing a dual role glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of combined aerobic and resistance training (ART) on adipose tissue levels of SRA and insulin ...
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Aim: Steroid Receptor RNA Activator (SRA) is one of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) playing a dual role glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. Purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of combined aerobic and resistance training (ART) on adipose tissue levels of SRA and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) in old rats. Twenty old female rat (24-28 weeks old, 379/20±13/30 gr) selected and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups (10 ones in each). The rats in the experimental group participated in eight weeks of ART, six days a week. Aerobic training consisted of running on a treadmill at low to moderate intensity (40-60% of the maximum speed obtained in the maximum running test), 60 minutes per session. Resistance training compromised climbing a ladder at an intensity equal to 40-60% of the force obtained in the maximum load test, 15 repetitions with a one-minute rest interval, and 45 minutes per session. Eight weeks of ART resulted in significant increases in adipose tissue levels of SRA in addition to significant decreases in levels of insulin and fasting blood glucose , HOMA-IR and body weight in the experimental group compared to the control group. Furthermore, eight weeks of ART caused in significant decreases in body weight in post-test compared to pre-test. it seems that eight weeks of combined aerobic and resistance training plays a role in improving insulin resistance and body composition despite of increasing SRA levels.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Response and adaptation to exercises
Amin roshandel hesari
Abstract
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of 8 and 12 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), homocysteine (HCY) and lipid profile of active middle-aged men.For this purpose, 30 active middle-aged men, were ...
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The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of 8 and 12 weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), homocysteine (HCY) and lipid profile of active middle-aged men.For this purpose, 30 active middle-aged men, were randomly divided into two groups: HIIT training and control group. HIIT Training subjects do HIT training 3 session per week for 12 weeks with 90% of maximum heart rate. The Serum levels of CRP, IL-6, HCY, HDL, LDL, TC and TG were measured 12 hours before the first session of training protocol, and 48 hours after 8th and 12th weeks of HIIT. Results show that HIIT had a significant effect on LDL, TC and TG Indices in active middle-aged men in both 8 and 12 weeks (P˂0/05). On the other hand, HIIT did not have a significant effect on CRP (P=0/848), IL-6 (P=0/080) and HCY (P=0/247) indices in 8 weeks, but it did have a significant effect on CRP (P=0/003), IL-6 (P=0/019) and HCY (P=0/012) indices in 12 weeks. HIIT appears to produce favorable changes on lipid profile of middle-aged men over a period of 8 weeks, But it does not have the ability to improve their inflammatory indicators and create favorable changes in inflammatory indices, it is necessary to perform HIIT for more than 8 weeks and a period of 12 weeks will bring about favorable changes and It is likely to have an effective role in preventing middle-aged heart diseases.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Sports and health nutrition
Bahareh Rahmani; Morteza taheri; khadijeh irandoust
Abstract
Abstract, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cumin intake following partial sleep deprivation (PSD) on the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats and some cardiorespiratory indices in student-athletes.Materials and Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental and the research ...
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Abstract, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of cumin intake following partial sleep deprivation (PSD) on the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats and some cardiorespiratory indices in student-athletes.Materials and Methods: The present study was quasi-experimental and the research design was cross-sectional. The statistical population included all female student-athletes of Imam Khomeini International university (Age: 18-25 years), of whom 8 students were chosen based on convenience sampling method (Age: 20.01± 53 0.53; height 163.50± 6.57 cm;, weight 56.54± 2 2.54 kg; body mass index 21.19 ± 1.85 kg / m2; maximum oxygen consumption 87 58.30±5.5 kg / min and heart rate 93.63 ±5.15 beats per minute). The main group consisted of 8 subjects who were initially tested as a control group; they were then tested again as placebo and supplement groups after a seven-day wash out period, respectively. PSD was performed for 4 hours the night before the test. Exhaustion was measured and recorded by Bruce treadmill test; cardiorespiratory parameters, carbohydrate and fat oxidation were analyzed by gas analyzer. Results: The results suggested that carbohydrate oxidation increased at the time of maximum oxygen consumption (Vo2max) in the cumin supplement group (p≤0.05). Carbohydrate oxidation and respiratory exchange ratio also increased at the time of anaerobic threshold and Vo2max in cumin supplement group (p≤0.05). Conclusion: In summary, it can be said that taking cumin pills improves the performance of sleep deprived athletes.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Physiology
Solmaz Babaei; Morteza Fattahpour Marani
Abstract
Aim: Myostatin and follistatin proteins are important proteins in the regulation of muscle tissue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of HIIT training on the serum levels of myostatin and follistatin in inactive young women.Method: The present study was conducted ...
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Aim: Myostatin and follistatin proteins are important proteins in the regulation of muscle tissue. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of HIIT training on the serum levels of myostatin and follistatin in inactive young women.Method: The present study was conducted in a semi-experimental manner with two experimental and control groups on 30 inactive young women in the age range of 30-35 years. The experimental group performed HIIT exercises for 8 weeks, and three sessions per week for 60 minutes with an intensity of 65-75% of the maximum heart rate, and during this period, the control group had no physical activity. Blood samples were taken after 48 hours before and after exercise intervention in order to measure myostatin and follistatin variables. Data were analyzed using covariance test.Result: The results of this research showed that the serum level of myostatin decreased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group after 8 weeks of HIIT exercises (P<0.001), while the serum level of follistatin increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group in the post-test. You have shown (P<0.001).Conclusion: HIIT exercises can decrease the expression of myostatin and increase the expression of follistatin in human samples and can lead to muscle hypertrophy and can be used as an exercise intervention in the rehabilitation program of inactive women. be placed.Keywords: HIIT; Myostatin, follistatin, young women
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Metabolism
ABAZAR Teimoori; Alireza Ruzbahani; ZAhra Karimi mehr; abuzar jorbonian
Abstract
Aim:. The purpose of this study was to investigate The effect of eight weeks of increasing resistance training and BCAA nanoliposome supplementation on MiR-200a, HSP60, soleus muscle mitochondrial gene expression and serum IGF-1 in aged male rats.Methods: 32 old male were randomly divided into 4 groups: ...
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Aim:. The purpose of this study was to investigate The effect of eight weeks of increasing resistance training and BCAA nanoliposome supplementation on MiR-200a, HSP60, soleus muscle mitochondrial gene expression and serum IGF-1 in aged male rats.Methods: 32 old male were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, supplement (BCAA), combined (resistant training + BCAA) and exercise. Resistance training consisted of eight weeks of ladder training with moderate intensity (70% of MVCC) and five days a week. Rats in the supplement and combined groups received BCAA nanoliposome supplement at the rate of 600 mg per kilogram of body weight by gavage 5 days a week for 8 weeks. MiR200a and HSP60 were obtained using real-time PCR method and serum IGF-1 was obtained using ELISA method. Statistical analysis was performed with two-way, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test.Finding: significant decrease in MiR-200a and a increase in the expression of the HSP60 gene and serum IGF-1 of rats in the combination and exercise group compared to the supplement and control groups (p=0.001)., No significant difference was observed between the control and supplement groups (p=0.105).Conclusion: The direct effect of miR-200a and HSP60 on IGF-1 signal has an important effect on muscle growth and atrophy. The increase of IGF-1 as a result of strength training and BCAA supplementation causes hypertrophy and creates an anabolic environment and can affect age-related muscle growth factors and can bring benefits in this regard for the elderly.Keywords: Resistance training, BCAA, micro RNA, HSP60.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Physical activity and wellness
farnaz derakhti; bahloul ghorbanian; yousef saberi
Abstract
purpose: The increasing trend of obesity has turned it into one of the biggest health challenges in the world, which is related to various diseases, including fatty liver disease. the aim of the effect of eight weeks of TRX exercises with sesame seed supplementation on the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, ...
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purpose: The increasing trend of obesity has turned it into one of the biggest health challenges in the world, which is related to various diseases, including fatty liver disease. the aim of the effect of eight weeks of TRX exercises with sesame seed supplementation on the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and lipid profile in obese women.methods: In this experimental study, 40 female subjects between the ages of 30 and 50 with obesity were randomly assigned to four supplement groups (10 people), exercise+supplement (10 people), Training (10 people) and control (10 people) were included. TRX training protocol included (8 weeks, 3 days, 40-45 minutes). The supplement groups consumed 30 grams of sesame daily for 60 days. Blood samples were taken in two stages before and after the test. Correlated t, one-way analysis of variance and LSD post hoc test were used to compare between groups. Statistical analyzes were performed at the statistical level of P≤0.05 using SPSS statistical software version 23.Result: TRX training and sesame supplement consumption had a significant effect on the levels of ALT, AST, ALP and LDL, HDL, TC and TG levels in the supplement, exercise+supplement and exercise groups compared to the control group (P 0.001), (P=0.039), (P=0.011), (P=0.003), (P=0.005), (P=0.024), (P=0.004).Conclusion: it seems that performing TRX exercises along with sesame seed supplementation can be used as a non-pharmacological solution to reduce risk factors (reducing ALT, AST, ALP and lipid profile) in obese people.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Metabolism
Masoud Rahnama; Hamid Mohebi; Hamid Rajabi
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic profile of elite male karate athletes based on their physical fitness level during different phases of six competitions in one day, similar to real karate competitions.Study method: Ten young elite karateka participated in this research. Based ...
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Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the metabolic profile of elite male karate athletes based on their physical fitness level during different phases of six competitions in one day, similar to real karate competitions.Study method: Ten young elite karateka participated in this research. Based on the Z scores obtained from physical fitness tests, including aerobic power (Bruce test), anaerobic power (30 s Wingate test), vertical jump, 30 m sprint, and agility (9×4 m), they were divided into two groups of high (n=5) and low (n=5) physical fitness. Each karateka performed six simulated committee competitions with the same rest interval as official tournaments and according to the rules of the World Federation. Venous blood samples were collected before and after the first and sixth competition. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to investigate differences at p<0.05.Results: Decreases in pH (p<0.001), increases in tryptophan (p=0.034), lactate (p<0.001), and malondialdehyde (p=0.007), and changes in glucose (p=0.003) were significant in total measured time points. Moreover, by examining time×group interaction, a significant difference was observed between the groups in plasma lactate (p=0.014), so that it was significantly higher after the sixth competition in the low physical fitness group than the other group (5 ± 0.1 vs. 3.9 ± 0.2 mmol/L, p=0.002).Conclusion: Karate athletes with low physical fitness seem to provide a larger portion of ATP needed during the sixth competition than the first competition from the anaerobic glycolysis pathway and by consuming extracellular carbohydrate sources such as plasma glucose.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Physical fitness and sports performance
Elaheh Piralaiy; Maedeh Ebadi
Abstract
Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive exercises and massage on anaerobic performance and some physical fitness factors of women athletes. Methods: 28 women athletes with an average age of 24.8 ± 2.25 and weight of 60.02 ± 6.26 in four groups; ...
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Aim: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of proprioceptive exercises and massage on anaerobic performance and some physical fitness factors of women athletes. Methods: 28 women athletes with an average age of 24.8 ± 2.25 and weight of 60.02 ± 6.26 in four groups; the experimental group (1- massage, 2- proprioception exercises, 3- massage+ proprioception exercises) and the control group were randomly divided. In the pre-test session, all the subjects, with a four-minute warm-up in the form of jogging with an intensity of 30-40% HR, performed tests of anaerobic performance and some physical fitness factors and after a 72-hour washout period, the subjects started their activity for 12 minutes, each in their specialized group and according to the established protocol, and immediately the tests of the pre-test stage were repeated. A dependent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the massage + proprioception group had a significant effect on the anaerobic peak power variable by 36.3%. All three groups of massage, proprioception, and massage +proprioception had a significant effect on the variables of average anaerobic power and fatigue index. In the variables of peak anaerobic power (p=0.001), average anaerobic power (p=0.011), fatigue index (p=0.016), and dynamic balance (p=0.015), there is a significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: In anaerobic activities, the use of proprioception exercises along with massage as part of warming up sports activities will most likely improve the performance of athletes.
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