Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Authors
1 PhD student in Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences / Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Gilan, Rasht, Gilan, Iran
2 1. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
3 2. Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that is associated with increased oxidative stress and impaired antioxidant system of the body. Glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) are key components of cellular antioxidant defense.
Methods: After induction of diabetes, 31 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups: diabetic control, placebo, exercise, selenium nanoparticles, and combination (exercise + nanoparticles). After one week of familiarization, diabetes was induced and rats underwent the main protocol (interval exercise and/or supplementation) for eight weeks. Then, GSH levels (in nanomoles/mg protein) and GPx activity were measured.
Results: The greatest improvement in both antioxidant indices was observed in the group that received a combination of HIIT training and selenium nanoparticles (DSE) (p < 0.05), so that the mean glutathione level in this group reached 91.9 mg/L and glutathione peroxidase reached 1.679 IU/mL, which was significantly higher than the other groups. In contrast, the diabetic groups without intervention (CD and PCD) showed the lowest levels of these indices. The effect size (Cohen’s d) also confirmed the very large effect of the interventions, especially in the DSE group compared to the placebo group (PCD).
Discussion: The findings indicate that interval training with selenium nanoparticles synergistically improves antioxidant status in diabetic rats. These results indicate that the combination of these two interventions can be a strategy in strengthening the body’s defense system against diabetes complications.
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