Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Authors
Department of Sports Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
Abstract
Background and Objective: Exercise has significant protective effects against endothelial dysfunction through the regulation of some non-coding RNAs. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the underlying mechanism of improvement of endothelial dysfunction by exercise in overweight and obese adolescents. Materials and Methods: 40 overweight and obese adolescent boys aged 12-15 years were selected and randomly divided into two experimental and control groups (20 subjects in each group). The experimental group performed combined exercises (high-intensity interval training and resistance) three sessions per week for 12 weeks, and the control group did not participate in any exercise program. Anthropometric indices, lipid profile levels, flow-dependent dilation (FMD), nitric oxide (NOx), and microRNA-126 (miR-126) were measured before and after the intervention. Results: After 12 weeks of intervention, FMD, NOx and miR-126 levels in the exercise group showed a significant increase (p≥0.05). Also, combined exercises significantly improved body mass index (BMI), body weight and body fat percentage in the exercise group (p≥0.05). In addition, the results showed that there was a negative and significant correlation between miR-126 changes and BMI (P=0.001, r=-0.951); while, there was a positive and significant correlation between miR-126 changes and FMD (P=0.001, r=0.771) and between FMD changes and NOx (P=0.001, r=0.896). Conclusion: The results show that combined exercises can have significant protective effects on endothelial dysfunction by changing miR-126 and weight loss in overweight and obese adolescents.
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