Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Authors
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
Abstract
Aim: This study was conducted to determine the influence of nutrition and aerobic exercise on the signaling pathway of ER stress in the liver. Methods: A total of 18 male wistar rats, aged 5 weeks and weighing approximately 167 grams, were randomly divided into three groups: normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), and high-fat diet with aerobic exercise (HFD+EX). The rats in the HFD+EX group underwent exercise training three times per week for 12 weeks with an intensity of 68-80% of their maximum aerobic velocity. After completing the training, liver tissue samples were collected from all rats to measure the expression changes of Chop, Atf6, Perk, and Bax genes, as well as liver fat accumulation. Data analysis was conducted using the one-way ANOVA test. Finding: Higher liver fat content and higher expression of Chop, Atf6, Perk, and Bax, was observed in the HFD rats. In the HFD+EX group, liver fat content, Chop and Perk gene expression were lower than in the HFD group. In the HFD+EX group reduction of Atf6 and Bax genes, was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: High fat diet can activate the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway by elevating ER stress. This can lead to high expression of the Bax gene in liver cells. However, regular exercise can be an effective way to prevent the accumulation of liver fat by reducing UPR activation. This is due to its potential to lower the expression of Chop, Atf6, and Perk gene.
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