Response and adaptation to exercises
Zahra hosseinzadeh barkusaraie; Atefeh Akef; Hamid Arazi; Javad Mehrabani; farhad rahmani nia
Abstract
Introduction & objective: Resistance training is one of the types of training methods that has the potential to improve strength, endurance and muscle strength and reduce the rate of injury and increase athletic performance in young athletes.Method: the sample size was 30 young active women (age: ...
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Introduction & objective: Resistance training is one of the types of training methods that has the potential to improve strength, endurance and muscle strength and reduce the rate of injury and increase athletic performance in young athletes.Method: the sample size was 30 young active women (age: 26.61±4.55 years, height: 166.3±4.67 cm and weight: 60.08±6.05 kg). They performed an 8-week training course, three sessions per week/1 hour. Agonist and antagonist muscles were trained in the superset and compound set protocols. The movement sets for each muscle were 4 sets. The intensity of exercise was between 80-95% RM. Rest intervals between each set were also 2 minutes. Results: The compound and superset resistance trainings had a significant effect on salivary levels of cortisol, testosterone and cortisol/testosterone ratio in young female athletes (p<0.05). This significant difference was observed in the comparison between the compound-control and superset-control groups (p<0.05).Conclusion: It seems that both training methods, especially the superstar drills, were able to affect the limb environment, muscle strength and endurance, and the percentage of body fat in active young women.
H Arazi; N Dehlavinejad
Abstract
Aim: Due to improved Anaerobic performance following creatine or caffeine supplementation and ambiguity and contradiction regarding consecutive effect of creatine and caffeine supplementation, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of creatine and caffeine consecutive supplementation on ...
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Aim: Due to improved Anaerobic performance following creatine or caffeine supplementation and ambiguity and contradiction regarding consecutive effect of creatine and caffeine supplementation, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of creatine and caffeine consecutive supplementation on lactate and adrenaline, cortisol, insulin like growth factor (IGF-1) hormones response to anaerobic test in young female handball players. Method: 30 club female handball players were randomly assigned to 4 groups: placebo, creatine (Cr group consumed 20 g of creatine, 4 doses 5 g per day for 7 days), caffeine (capsule containing 6 mg/kg Caff) and creatine-caffeine (Cr group consumed 20 g of creatine, 4 doses 5 g per day for 7 days and capsule containing 6 mg/kg Caff). 50 minutes following ingestion of the capsules (Caff/Placebo), 5ml blood sample obtained from brachial vein subjects to measure aforementioned hormones and values recorded as pre-test. Then, subjects performed the RAST protocol. Again, blood samplings were taken immediately following the protocol and as post-test values were recorded. Results: Changes of plasma levels of lactate in creatine group at posttest was higher than the control group (P<0.05), but there was no difference in serum levels of cortisol between intervention groups and serum levels of adrenaline in caffeine group at posttest was higher than the control group. Also, serum levels of IGF-1 in caffeine group was lower than the control group. Moreover, fatigue index and maximum power in caffeine group were higher than the control group and compared to the other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion: Consecutive consumption of creatine and caffeine on lactate and anabolic-catabolic hormones response likely had not ergogenic effect and only lactate response in creatine group and hormonal changes and anaerobic performance in caffeine group were significant.
Sharam Gholamrezaeii; Bahman Mirzaei; Hamid Arazi; Farhad Rahmani-nia
Volume 5, Issue 2 , February 2016, , Pages 133-149
Abstract
Aim: The present study was carried out to determine the effect of garlic supplementation on some inflammatory indices following exhaustive aerobic exercise in sedentary female. Method: Nineteen volunteer sedentary young females (age 23.15±2.65 years, BMI 22.93±1.25 kg.m2,VO2max 30.36±4.5 ...
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Aim: The present study was carried out to determine the effect of garlic supplementation on some inflammatory indices following exhaustive aerobic exercise in sedentary female. Method: Nineteen volunteer sedentary young females (age 23.15±2.65 years, BMI 22.93±1.25 kg.m2,VO2max 30.36±4.5 persent and bruce time 7.82±1.03) were assigned to a randomized and double-blind into two equal garlic (n=10) and placebo (n=9) groups. After 14 consecutive days supplementation (500 mg garlic or lactose every 12 hours a day), all subjects were participated in incremental aerobic exercise protocol (Bruce test). Changes in inflammatory and enzymatic markers were determined in four phases (before supplementation phase, before exercise, immediately and 24 hours after the aerobic exercise). Data were analyzed by repeated measure and independent T test at P≤0.05. Results: The results showed that one session of exhaustive aerobic exercise significantly increased some of the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers, in both groups (P≤0.05). Also, garlic supplement can decrease Hs-crp, Lymphocyte, Neutrophil, AST and ALT levels immediately after exercise protocol (P≤0.05). But other markers (total WBC, IL-6, LDH, CPK) were not changed significant. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the garlic supplementation leads to decrease some of inflammatory and enzymatic indices of oxidative stress. Therefore, based on the present results, garlic supplementation can reduce the oxidative stress markers ranges following the exhaustive aerobic exercise.
