Document Type : Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Authors
Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nutrition, training and hypoxia on liver mitochondrial biogenesis in male Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats (age: 6 weeks old; average weight: 167.25 grams (were randomly divided into four groups of eight including normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet and training in normoxia (HFD-HIIT) and high-fat diet and training in hypoxia (HFD-HHIIT). After determining the maximum aerobic velocity (MAV) in normoxia and hypoxia-hypobaric, the HIIT protocol was performed for 12 weeks and three sessions per week, which included 3 to 8 bouts 4-minute activity with an intensity of 80 to 93 percent of MAV and 2-minute active rest periods with an intensity of 50 percent of MAV. At the end, the levels of PGC-1α and Tfam genes were measured through RT-PCR . Results: Both HFD-HIIT and HFD-HHIIT groups showed a significant increase in the expression of PGC-1α and Tfam genes and a significant decrease in liver fat content compared to the HFD group (p<0.05). However, the HFD+HHIIT group showed a significant increase in Tfam gene expression and a significant decrease in liver fat content compared to the HFD+HIIT group (p<0.05). Conclusions: It seems that HIIT training has been able to increase PGC-1α independent of hypoxia conditions. Whereas, hypoxia with a significant increase in the expression of the Tfam gene, which plays a role in improving the capacity of mitochondrial function, led to a greater decrease in liver fat content than in normoxia conditions.
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