Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Physiology
amir khosravi; Rima Shayan Nasab; eisa naebi alamdari
Abstract
Aim: hypothyroidism in addition to menopause has a double effect on increasing inflammation in postmenopausal women, sports activity reduces inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a period of The Effect of a Whole Body Vibration Course on Some serum inflammatory indicators ...
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Aim: hypothyroidism in addition to menopause has a double effect on increasing inflammation in postmenopausal women, sports activity reduces inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a period of The Effect of a Whole Body Vibration Course on Some serum inflammatory indicators in Postmenopausal Women with Hypothyroidism. Methods: In this semi experimental study, 20 postmenopausal women with hypothyroidism aged 46 to 57 were selected from Khorramabad city and divided into two groups of 10: control (C) and whole body vibration training (V). Group V performed these exercises for 12 weeks and three times a week, with a frequency of 30 to 50 Hz, with a range of 1 to 2 mm, applying 20 to 30 minutes of vibration and 5 to 15 minutes of upper and lower limb training. At the beginning and end of the study, blood serum TNF-α and CRP levels were measured using the ELISA method, body fat percentage, body mass index, and body weight. Due to the normality of data distribution, independent t and covariance statistical methods were used for analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Results: 12 weeks of whole body vibration training in group V significantly decreased the serum levels of TNF-α (P=0.0031), CRP (P=0.026), body fat percentage (P=0.041), body mass index (P=0.044) and weight (P=0.047) compared to the control group. Conclusions: It seems that vibration training may reduce inflammation in postmenopausal women with hypothyroidism by reducing body weight and fat levels.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Response and adaptation to exercises
sadegh cheragh birjandi; somaye rostamian dolat shanlo; Ali yaghobi
Abstract
One of the common disorders in old age is sarcopenia, which leads to a five percent decrease in muscle mass every year. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance and endurance training on the expression of MURF1 and MTOR genes in aged male rats. In this study, 30 elderly male ...
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One of the common disorders in old age is sarcopenia, which leads to a five percent decrease in muscle mass every year. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance and endurance training on the expression of MURF1 and MTOR genes in aged male rats. In this study, 30 elderly male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, endurance training, and resistance training. The endurance and resistance group performed the exercises for 8 weeks and 5 sessions per week. 48 hours after the last training session and after overnight fasting, all aged male rats were killed and tissue was removed from the biceps muscle. Then, the expression level of MURF1 and mTOR genes was measured using the reference gene by Real Time PCR method. Data analysis was done by one-way variance tests and Tukey's test using SPSS software. The analysis of variance test showed that there is a significant difference in the expression of mTOR and MURF1 genes in different groups. (P>0.39) The results of Tukey's post hoc test showed that there is a significant difference between the control and resistance groups, and resistance training has a greater effect. It has endurance compared to training. The present study showed that resistance training has a greater effect on the activation of autophagy pathways in skeletal muscle than endurance training. Therefore, it seems that resistance training is a more effective training method in improving the expression of genes involved in the promotion of sarcopenia with aging.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Sports and health nutrition
Mahsa Kahvand; Hassan Faraji; Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani
Abstract
Introduction: The present study investigated the effect of green tea supplementation with and without resistance training on the levels of MDA, TAC and lipid profiles of overweight men and women.Methodology: The statistical sample of this research was 35 men and women (age: 37.9±4.7, body mass ...
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Introduction: The present study investigated the effect of green tea supplementation with and without resistance training on the levels of MDA, TAC and lipid profiles of overweight men and women.Methodology: The statistical sample of this research was 35 men and women (age: 37.9±4.7, body mass index: 28.6±2.2) middle-aged volunteers and overweight, who were randomly divided into three exercise groups + Placebo, green tea and exercise + green tea were included. Resistance training was performed for 10 weeks, 3 sessions per week in 7 movements and with 70% intensity of one maximum repetition. The subjects of the green tea group consumed 2 tablets of 500 mg of green tea daily and after each meal. The exercise group + placebo, under the same conditions, consumed maltodextrin. 48 hours before and after the intervention, blood sampling was done under fasting conditions.Results: Triglyceride and HDL did not change significantly in any group (p<0.05). TAC and MDA levels increased (p=0.012) and decreased (p=0.003) only in the exercise + green tea group. Total cholesterol was reduced in all three groups of exercise + green tea (p=0.006), exercise + placebo (p=0.001) and green tea (p=0.020). LDL decreased only in the exercise + green tea group (p=0.009).Conclusion: 10-weeks consumption of green tea supplement along with resistance training has better effects than consumption of green tea alone on oxidative and anti-oxidant indices and also improving lipid profile of overweight people.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Response and adaptation to exercises
javid nuri; saeid nikokheslat; mostafa khani; javad vakili
Abstract
Backgrounds: The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training, resistance and combined training on hormonal factors and microRNAs related to obesity and sports adaptations in obese adolescent boys. Methods: 36 healthy, sedentary boys (age range: ...
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Backgrounds: The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training, resistance and combined training on hormonal factors and microRNAs related to obesity and sports adaptations in obese adolescent boys. Methods: 36 healthy, sedentary boys (age range: 13-15 years; BMI: 28-31 Kg/m2; Fat Percent: 32-36%) were divided into four groups of intense, resistance and combined intermittent exercise and control (no activity) based on aerobic capacity and fat percentage. Each HIIT session consisted of 6-8 repetitions of 30-60 second sprints at 80-85% (three minutes rest between repetitions). Resistance training included movements of the main muscles of the upper body, trunk and lower body. Combined training consisted of a combination of resistance training and HIIT. The expression of miRNA-133a, miRNA-1 and miRNA-143 in obese and overweight adolescent boys was measured before and after the exercise training protocols. Results: The results of the present study showed that after completing all three training protocols, the expression levels of miRNA-133a, miRNA-1 and miRNA-143 decreased significantly compared to the pre-test stage. Also, only in the combined group, a significant difference was observed between the expression changes of miRNA-133a and miRNA-1 with the resistance training group, but the expression levels of miRNA-133a, miRNA-1 and miRNA-143 did not differ between the combined group and the HIIT group.Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it seems that using a combination of HIIT and resistance training is a suitable method to increase sports adaptations at the cellular level.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Sports and health nutrition
Seyyede Neda Delfani Hossein; Ali Barzegari; Saeid Naghibi; mohamad hassan dashty
Abstract
Objectives: Considering the protective and antioxidant properties of sports activities and quercetin supplementation on the levels of adiponectin and vascular endothelial growth factor in patients who suffer from diabetes and metabolic disorders for a long time, the aim of this study is the effect of ...
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Objectives: Considering the protective and antioxidant properties of sports activities and quercetin supplementation on the levels of adiponectin and vascular endothelial growth factor in patients who suffer from diabetes and metabolic disorders for a long time, the aim of this study is the effect of aerobic exercise and quercetin supplementation on the levels of Adiponectin and vascular endothelial growth factor in heart tissue of diabetic rats.Materials and methods: 50 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 237±33 grams were randomly divided into five groups of 10 including: healthy control, diabetes, diabetes+supplement, diabetes+exercise and diabetes+supplement+exercise. The protocol included eight weeks of High intensity aerobic exercise, five sessions per week and 60 minutes per session, and the supplement groups also received quercetin in the amount of 50 mg per kg of body weight by daily gavage. Changes in the levels of adiponectin and vascular endothelial growth factor were investigated using the ELISA. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test were used to analyze the data.Findings: The results showed that there is a significant difference between groups in the values of adiponectin and vascular endothelial growth factor (P=0.001). The changes of adiponectin and vascular endothelial growth factor between exercise+supplement, exercise and supplement with diabetes groups were also significantly different (P=0.001).Conclusion: It seems that the use of quercetin supplement and intense continuous training has led to an increase in the levels of adiponectin and VEGF in diabetic rats, and it indicates their importance in reducing risk factors in diabetes.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Sports supplements
ADEL DONYAEI; Khosrow Ebrahim; Hamid Rajabi
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ribose supplementation on total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and xanthine oxidase (XO) after repeated intensive exercise in wrestlers. Methodology: For this purpose 10 subjects with mean age (22±3 years) ...
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ribose supplementation on total antioxidant capacity (TAC), lipid peroxidation (MDA) and xanthine oxidase (XO) after repeated intensive exercise in wrestlers. Methodology: For this purpose 10 subjects with mean age (22±3 years) and BMI (23±2 kg/m2) voluntary participated in this study. Research was quasi-experimental and was done in double blind design. The protocol included 4 stages with 15 minutes of active rest; Each stage included three lower and upper extremity Wingate test and with alternative pattern with 1 min active rest between each test. First time ribose or placebo (1/0 gr per kg of body weight) were consumed. Also the second dose of supplement or placebo was give after the end of second stage of test and third dose was given after the completion of fourth stage. Blood sample was taken before and after and one hour after recovery. Findings: Data was analyzed with repeated measure (2×3) and the result showed that ribose supplementation decreased the concentration of MDA significantly after exercise (P=0/001). But regarding to observed result, TAC did not correlate to ribose consumption (P=0/07). Also XO was not related to ribose consumption (p=0/71). Conclusion: Generally it seems that ribose acute supplementation have significant effect on fat peroxidation index.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Metabolism
Ammar Rashet; Ahmad Abdi; alireza barari
Abstract
Background: Promoting regular exercise and a diet containing polyphenols are effective non-pharmacological approaches that prevent the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we measured markers of inflammation and antioxidant after 8 weeks of exercise training (T), resveratrol (RSV) ...
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Background: Promoting regular exercise and a diet containing polyphenols are effective non-pharmacological approaches that prevent the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we measured markers of inflammation and antioxidant after 8 weeks of exercise training (T), resveratrol (RSV) treatment, or combination treatment in rat model of AD.Materials & Methods: In this experimental study, 35 male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups: Normal (NO), Alzheimer's (AD), Alzheimer's-Training (ADT), Alzheimer's-Resveratrol (ADRSV) and Alzheimer's-Training-Resveratrol (ADTRSV). The supplement groups received 20 mg of RSV (per kg of body weight) orally during the intervention period. Aerobic exercise program including running on treadmill with a speed of 6-18 meters per minute, was performed 5 days a week for eight weeks. Results: AD induction caused a significant decrease in antioxidant indices (Gpx, SOD and CAT) and increased MDA, NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β (p=0.0001). Exercise and RSV decreased and increased the antioxidant indices and the expression of inflammatory factors (p<0.05). It was also observed a significant increase in Gpx and SOD levels in the ADTRSV compared to the ADT (p=0.043, p=0.041) and ADRSV (p=0.026, p=0.035, respectively). The expression of NF-κB and TNF-α was significantly decreased in ADTRSV compared to ADT (p=0.040 and p=0.041) and ADRSV (p=0.044 and p=0.034).Conclusion: T and RSV play a role in the improvement and treatment of AD by affecting inflammation and oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the effect of the combination of exercise and supplementation was greater.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Physical activity and wellness
Ali Shabani Fard; Mohsen Ghanbarzadeh; Aliakbar Alizadeh; Rouhollah Ranjbar
Abstract
AbstractIntroduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the levels of SERCA2 and Akt proteins in the heart tissue of rats with type 2 diabetes.Methodology: In the present study, 40 male rats with an age of 8 weeks and an ...
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AbstractIntroduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training (HIIT) on the levels of SERCA2 and Akt proteins in the heart tissue of rats with type 2 diabetes.Methodology: In the present study, 40 male rats with an age of 8 weeks and an average weight of 200-220 grams were randomly divided into four groups, each group including 10 rats: 1 - healthy control (saline): 2 - type 2 diabetic control, 3 training groups and 4- the diabetes training group was divided into type 2. After a period of high-fat diet and then induction of diabetes with STZ (a dose of 35mg/kg), exercise program 4-10) two-minute intervals with They did 80-95 maximum speed intensity for 8 weeks and 5 sessions per week. Tissue samples were taken 48 hours after the last training session to check the levels of SERCA2 and Akt proteins using western blot method. One-way ANOVA test and Tukey's post hoc test were used for data analysis.Findings: The protein expression of SERCA2 and Akt significantly decreased in the heart tissue of diabetic rats compared to healthy rats(P>0.0001). Eight weeks of training significantly increased the protein expression of SERCA2 and Akt in the diabetic and healthy groups compared to the group increased control.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Sports and health nutrition
Elaheh Piralaiy; Ramin Amirsasan; zeinab ali bakhsi fard; Siamak Rahbar
Abstract
Background& purpose: Strenuous sports activities increase oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine the impact of a two-week supplementation of pomegranate seed powder on the biomarkers of oxidative stress and physical performance in female volleyball players following a volleyball tournament. ...
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Background& purpose: Strenuous sports activities increase oxidative stress. This study aimed to determine the impact of a two-week supplementation of pomegranate seed powder on the biomarkers of oxidative stress and physical performance in female volleyball players following a volleyball tournament. Methods: Twelve female volleyball players voluntarily participated in this experimental study and were randomly assigned to two groups: pomegranate seed powder supplement or placebo. Both groups underwent two weeks of specific volleyball training and consumed either the supplement or placebo capsules twice a day (one in the morning and one in the afternoon) for two weeks. After one week of washout, the groups were switched to the opposite supplement or placebo for another two weeks. The following biomarkers were measured at three stages: baseline, 24 hours after the last day of the two-week supplementation, and after the tournament. Results: Two weeks of supplementation with pomegranate seed powder supplement resulted in significant improvements in the base values of MDA (p=0.04), TAC (p=0.001), creatinine (p=0.043), and uric acid (p=0.03), and there is a significant difference in the response of MDA, creatinine and urea to an intense volleyball match between placebo and supplementation conditions (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that dry pomegranate seed powder can be effective in preventing oxidative stress and kidney damage in athletes by reducing the oxidative and inflammatory effects caused by intense activity due to being rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory elements.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Metabolism
ABAZAR Teimoori; Mahdieh Jamshidpour; Azadeh abdolalahzadeh; mahnoosh shahbani nazari
Abstract
Aim: Menopause is a natural physiological process of the body, but the changes caused by the decrease of estrogen during this period may cause damage to the hippocampus of some women and affect their quality of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of increasing resistance ...
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Aim: Menopause is a natural physiological process of the body, but the changes caused by the decrease of estrogen during this period may cause damage to the hippocampus of some women and affect their quality of life. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of increasing resistance training and vitamin C nanoliposome supplementation on the expression of genes involved in autophagy of hippocampal tissue of orectomized rats.Methods32 ovariectomized 24-month-old rats were divided into 4 groups: control, supplement (vitamin C nanoliposome), combined (resistance training + supplementation and training). Resistance training included eight weeks of moderate intensity ladder training (70% of MVCC) and five days a week. In the supplement groups, 5 days a week and for 8 weeks, vitamin C supplement was received in the amount of 100 mg per kilogram of body weight. PRDX6 and GCN5L1 Hippocampal tissue was obtained using Real-time PCR method and statistical analysis was performed with two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test.Finding: The results showed a significant increase in PRDX6 and GNC5L1 gene expression in the hippocampus in the training and combined groups compared to the control and supplement groups (p=0.001). No significant difference was observed between the control and supplement groups (p=0.109).Conclusion: Resistance training and vitamin C supplementation seem to play an important role in the processes leading to menopause by increasing the expression of the key regulator of mitophagy and inhibiting the phosphorylation of estrogen receptors.Key words: resistance training, vitamin C, autophagyو orectomy.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Physiology
faeghe ghasemi; Hamid Mohebbi
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nutrition, training and hypoxia on liver mitochondrial biogenesis in male Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats (age: 6 weeks old; average weight: 167.25 grams (were randomly divided into four groups of eight including normal diet ...
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Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nutrition, training and hypoxia on liver mitochondrial biogenesis in male Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats (age: 6 weeks old; average weight: 167.25 grams (were randomly divided into four groups of eight including normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet and training in normoxia (HFD-HIIT) and high-fat diet and training in hypoxia (HFD-HHIIT). After determining the maximum aerobic velocity (MAV) in normoxia and hypoxia-hypobaric, the HIIT protocol was performed for 12 weeks and three sessions per week, which included 3 to 8 bouts 4-minute activity with an intensity of 80 to 93 percent of MAV and 2-minute active rest periods with an intensity of 50 percent of MAV. At the end, the levels of PGC-1α and Tfam genes were measured through RT-PCR . Results: Both HFD-HIIT and HFD-HHIIT groups showed a significant increase in the expression of PGC-1α and Tfam genes and a significant decrease in liver fat content compared to the HFD group (p<0.05). However, the HFD+HHIIT group showed a significant increase in Tfam gene expression and a significant decrease in liver fat content compared to the HFD+HIIT group (p<0.05). Conclusions: It seems that HIIT training has been able to increase PGC-1α independent of hypoxia conditions. Whereas, hypoxia with a significant increase in the expression of the Tfam gene, which plays a role in improving the capacity of mitochondrial function, led to a greater decrease in liver fat content than in normoxia conditions.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Response and adaptation to exercises
Mostafa Haghshenas; Alireza Elmiyeh; Mohammadreza Fadaei chafe
Abstract
Alzheimer's is the most common age-related disease. The symptom of the disease is the formation of beta amyloid plaques outside the cell and interwoven filaments inside the neuron consisting of filaments containing the phosphorylated form of tau microtubule protein. Neurotrophic factors are widely expressed ...
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Alzheimer's is the most common age-related disease. The symptom of the disease is the formation of beta amyloid plaques outside the cell and interwoven filaments inside the neuron consisting of filaments containing the phosphorylated form of tau microtubule protein. Neurotrophic factors are widely expressed in the brain, but are greatly reduced in the brain of Alzheimer's patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with olive oil on the expression of caspase genes in Alzheimer's rats.In this study, 40 adult rats were randomly divided into 5 control groups, Alzheimer's, Alzheimer's and aerobic exercise, Alzheimer's, aerobic exercise and olive oil, Alzheimer's and olive oil. Alzheimer's model was created by injecting amyloid beta 1-42 in the hippocampus and training was performed 3 times a week for 8 weeks. Real time PCR method was used to determine the expression level of the desired genes. To analyze the data, one-way analysis of variance and Tom Hahn's post hoc test were used.
