Metabolism and Exercise

Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 10-week negative energy balance (NEB) methods on adipocyte size and adiponectin levels in different abdominal ... Read More Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of 10-week negative energy balance (NEB) methods on adipocyte size and adiponectin levels in different abdominal fat depots as well as glucose and lipid variables and insulin resistance in high-fat-diet obese male wistar rats. Methodology: Study sample were consisted of sixty-four Wistar male rats (average weight; 194.5±12.6g). Blood samples were collected at 1st, 18th and 28th weeks after an overnight fasting. After first sampling, remaining 56 rats were randomly divided into control (n=16) and high-fat-diet (n=40) groups. After 18 weeks High-fat-diet group randomly divided into high-fat-diet (HFD) and negative energy balance consisted of calorie restriction, exercise training and combination (exercise training with calorie restriction) subgroups. Negative energy balance subgroups underwent an aerobic training (running) with intensity of 70 to 75% of VO2max, %25 calorie restriction and interval of both methods for 10 weeks. Adiponectin Levels and adipocyte size in retroperitoneal and mesenteric fat depots, insulin and glucose levels and lipid profile were measured. HOMA-IR was also calculated. Results: The results of this study indicated that in comparison to high-fat-diet, negative energy balance methods despite consumption of high fat diet, decreased adipocyte size in retroperitoneal and mesenteric fat depots (P<0.05) and insulin resistance index improved in line with decrease of serum concentrations of insulin, glucose and triglyceride in obese male rats (P<0.05). However although lipid profile improved, only triglyceride concentration significantly decreased (P<0.05). From negative energy balance subgroups only combination showed significant increase in adiponectin levels of studied depots compared to high-fat-diet (P>0.05). Conclusion: This study indicated that negative energy balance methods can actually decrease adipocyte size of retroperitoneal and mesenteric fat depots even with simultaneous consumption of high-fat-diet which is largely congruent with improvement in lipid and metabolic profile Results also indicate a superiority of aerobic training in improving the lipid profile compare to other NEB methods.

Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license

Changes in plasma acute phase proteins (SAA and CRP) levels following 8 weeks of circuit resistance training in obese men

Alireza Safarzade; Amin Basiri

Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, Pages 109-119

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in plasma C reactive protein (CRP) and Serum amyloid A (SAA) levels following 8 weeks of circuit resistance training ... Read More

Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license

The effect of aerobic-resistance training on visceral adipose tissue, serum omentin-1 and insulin resistance in ovariectomized rats

Ameneh Pourrahim Ghouroughchi; Arsalan Damirchi; Parvin Babaei

Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, Pages 121-135

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic-resistance training on visceral adipose tissue, serum omentin-1 and insulin resistance in ovariectomized (OVX) ... Read More Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of aerobic-resistance training on visceral adipose tissue, serum omentin-1 and insulin resistance in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Methodology: Fifty Female Wistar rats (weight, 180±5g) were divided accidental and according body weight into five groups: SHAM (n=20) and OVX (n=30) groups. OVX rats were subdivided into 2 Ovx+sedentary (Sedentary; n=20) groups and one aerobic-resistance training (Ovx+Exe; n=10) group. Two weeks after surgery, one group of OVX rats and one group of SHAM rats were sacrificed and omentin-1, insulin resistance and visceral fat were measured. The other OVX rats were randomly divided into the following subgroups: 1) OVX and sedentary (Sedentary); 2) OVX and Exercise (Ovx+Exe). The exercise consisted of 8 weeks of aerobic-resistance exercise (3 days/week, 20 m/min, 60 min/day, 10% slope, Load; 3% body weight, attached to tail), three days a week. After complete anesthesia, the abdominal cavity was rapidly opened and blood samples were collected. All intraabdominal fat were dissected out and weighed immediately. Omentin-1 was measured by rat omentin ELISA kit. HOMA-IR was used to estimate the insulin resistance. Results: There was no significant differences between weights means all groups. After two weeks of surgery, there was no significant difference between visceral fat, omentin-1 and HOMA-IR in SHAM2 compared to OVX2. After eight weeks, combined aerobic-resistance training in Ovx+Exe significantly decreased visceral fat gain induced via ovariectomy by 21/4% compared to the level observed in Sedentary; whereas, visceral fat significantly increased by 92.5% in OVX2 compared to SHAM2 (p<0.05). Omentin-1 increased in Ovx+Exe compared to Sedentary and SHAM, by56/5% and51/6%, respectively; whereas it was significantly decreased by3/1% in Sedentary compared to SHAM (p<0.05). HOMA-IR induced via ovariectomy significantly decreased by74.7% in Ovx+Exe compared to Sedentary; whereas, it significantly increased by 193.7% in OVX2 compared to SHAM2 (p<0/05). Also, HOMA-IR decreased in Ovx+Exe compared to SHAM2, but it was n ́t significant. Conclusion: 8 week aerobic-resistance training successfully decreased visceral fat and insulin resistance via increasing omentin-1. So, it seems that 8-week aerobic-resistance training with 70-85% Vo2max is suitable for controlling body weight gain, decreasing visceral fat and insulin resistance and increasing omentin-1 in menopause period.

Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license

The effect of a period of resistance training on novel insulin resistance indexes in sedentary young obese men

Fatah Moradi

Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, Pages 137-149

Abstract

Objective: Even in young people, insulin resistance is associated with physical inactivity and obesity. It has been shown that novel insulin resistance indexes have clinical value. ... Read More

Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license

The effect of interval training on AQP5 levels in the lung of Male Wistar rats during of puberty

َAkram Arzani; Sadmehr Mirdar; Mehdi Hedayati

Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, Pages 151-158

Abstract

Objective: The aquaporin5 (AQP5) is an integral membrane protein that plays an important role in maintaining water homeostasis in the lung. The purpose of this study was to evaluate ... Read More

Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license

The effect of short- term creatine supplementation on delayed onset muscle soreness markers after one-single resistance exercise

Ramin Amirsasan; Ali Zarghami Khameneh; Ali Ojagi

Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, Pages 159-172

Abstract

Objective: The present study was carried out to determine the effect of creatine loading on some delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) indices (biochemical, functional and superficial) ... Read More

Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license

The relationship between eating disorders, amenorrhea and body satisfaction in middle aged athlete and non-athlete females

Farhad Rahmani-Nia F; Javad Mehrabani; Mahdiheh Zanganeh

Volume 4, Issue 2 , December 2015, Pages 173-185

Abstract

Objective: Aging in women and the incidence of amenorrhea can lead to eating disorders, obesity and dissatisfaction of their body shape. Methodology: A total of 434 (108 athletes; BMI: ... Read More

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Volume & Issue: Volume 4, Issue 2, December 2015, Pages 89-204

The effects of high fat diet and negative energy balance methods on adipocyte size and concentrations of adiponectin in fat depots of abdominal cavity in obese rats

Abstract

Changes in plasma acute phase proteins (SAA and CRP) levels following 8 weeks of circuit resistance training in obese men

Abstract

The effect of aerobic-resistance training on visceral adipose tissue, serum omentin-1 and insulin resistance in ovariectomized rats

Abstract

The effect of a period of resistance training on novel insulin resistance indexes in sedentary young obese men

Abstract

The effect of interval training on AQP5 levels in the lung of Male Wistar rats during of puberty

Abstract

The effect of short- term creatine supplementation on delayed onset muscle soreness markers after one-single resistance exercise

Abstract

The relationship between eating disorders, amenorrhea and body satisfaction in middle aged athlete and non-athlete females

Abstract