Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Physiology
faeghe ghasemi; Hamid Mohebbi
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Consuming a high-fat diet leads to disruption of liver mitochondrial biogenesis. Training exercise and hypoxia, which are new preventive or therapeutic strategies for obesity-induced NAFLD, may improve the impaired mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to determine ...
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Background and Purpose: Consuming a high-fat diet leads to disruption of liver mitochondrial biogenesis. Training exercise and hypoxia, which are new preventive or therapeutic strategies for obesity-induced NAFLD, may improve the impaired mitochondrial function. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nutrition, training and hypoxia on liver mitochondrial biogenesis in male Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty-two male rats (age: 6 weeks old; average weight: 167.25 grams) were randomly divided into four groups of eight including normal diet (ND), high-fat diet (HFD), high-fat diet and training in normoxia (HFD-HIIT) and high-fat diet and training in hypoxia (HFD-HHIIT). After determining the maximum aerobic velocity (MAV) in normoxia and hypoxia-hypobaric, the HIIT protocol was performed for 12 weeks and three sessions per week, which included 3 to 8 bouts 4-minute activity with an intensity of 80 to 93 percent of MAV and 2-minute active rest periods with an intensity of 50 percent of MAV. At the end, the levels of PGC-1α and Tfam genes were measured through RT-PCR. Results: Both HFD-HIIT and HFD-HHIIT groups showed a significant increase in the expression of PGC-1α and Tfam genes and a significant decrease in liver fat content compared to the HFD group (p<0.05). While, there was no significant difference in the expression of these genes between the two training groups. Conclusions: It seems that HIIT training has been able to increase mitochondrial biogenesis and reduce liver fat content independently of hypoxia conditions.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Resistance and aerobic exercises
fatemeh bozorgi; Siroos choobineh
Abstract
The aim of this study is to compare the effect of four weeks of aerobic exercise (swimming) and resistance exercise (climbing the ladder) on the levels of sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in the chronic course of EAE disease.
Materials and methods: This study was conducted ...
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The aim of this study is to compare the effect of four weeks of aerobic exercise (swimming) and resistance exercise (climbing the ladder) on the levels of sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) in the chronic course of EAE disease.
Materials and methods: This study was conducted by laboratory method. 40 female C57BL6 mice were selected for the experiment. To implement the testing process, the members of the sample group were divided into four control groups, EAE, swimming and resistance exercise. After induction of EAE with MOG35-33, the exercise groups performed a swimming and resistance training program for 30 minutes, 5 days a week for 4 weeks. On the 30th day after induction (chronic period of the disease), mice were anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine injection, then dissection and tissue sampling were performed. SIRT1 and NAD+ values were measured by immunohistochemistry. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to compare research groups. Tukey's post hoc test was used to compare differences between groups.
Finding: The findings of the study showed that swimming and resistance exercise both significantly increased NAD+ and compared to the EAE group. Although, resistance exercise compared to swimming exercise, showed that the first was a more effective method (P ≤ 0.05). The results of Tukey's test showed that the control group presented better results compared to the EAE, swimming and resistance training groups.
Conclusion: Exercise, especially resistance exercise, may reduce disease progression in EAE by increasing NAD+ and SIRT1.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Exercise Physiology
amir khosravi; Rima Shayan Nasab; eisa naebi alamdari
Abstract
Aim: hypothyroidism in addition to menopause has a double effect on increasing inflammation in postmenopausal women, sports activity reduces inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a period of The Effect of a Whole Body Vibration Course on Some serum inflammatory indicators ...
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Aim: hypothyroidism in addition to menopause has a double effect on increasing inflammation in postmenopausal women, sports activity reduces inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a period of The Effect of a Whole Body Vibration Course on Some serum inflammatory indicators in Postmenopausal Women with Hypothyroidism. Methods: In this semi experimental study, 20 postmenopausal women with hypothyroidism aged 46 to 57 were selected from Khorramabad city and divided into two groups of 10: control (C) and whole body vibration training (V). Group V performed these exercises for 12 weeks and three times a week, with a frequency of 30 to 50 Hz, with a range of 1 to 2 mm, applying 20 to 30 minutes of vibration and 5 to 15 minutes of upper and lower limb training. At the beginning and end of the study, blood serum TNF-α and CRP levels were measured using the ELISA method, body fat percentage, body mass index, and body weight. Due to the normality of data distribution, independent t and covariance statistical methods were used for analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Results: 12 weeks of whole body vibration training in group V significantly decreased the serum levels of TNF-α (P=0.0031), CRP (P=0.026), body fat percentage (P=0.041), body mass index (P=0.044) and weight (P=0.047) compared to the control group. Conclusions: It seems that vibration training may reduce inflammation in postmenopausal women with hypothyroidism by reducing body weight and fat levels.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Response and adaptation to exercises
sadegh cheragh birjandi; somaye rostamian dolat shanlo; Ali yaghobi
Abstract
One of the common disorders in old age is sarcopenia, which leads to a five percent decrease in muscle mass every year. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance and endurance training on the expression of MURF1 and MTOR genes in aged male rats. In this study, 30 elderly male ...
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One of the common disorders in old age is sarcopenia, which leads to a five percent decrease in muscle mass every year. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of resistance and endurance training on the expression of MURF1 and MTOR genes in aged male rats. In this study, 30 elderly male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, endurance training, and resistance training. The endurance and resistance group performed the exercises for 8 weeks and 5 sessions per week. 48 hours after the last training session and after overnight fasting, all aged male rats were killed and tissue was removed from the biceps muscle. Then, the expression level of MURF1 and mTOR genes was measured using the reference gene by Real Time PCR method. Data analysis was done by one-way variance tests and Tukey's test using SPSS software. The analysis of variance test showed that there is a significant difference in the expression of mTOR and MURF1 genes in different groups. (P>0.39) The results of Tukey's post hoc test showed that there is a significant difference between the control and resistance groups, and resistance training has a greater effect. It has endurance compared to training. The present study showed that resistance training has a greater effect on the activation of autophagy pathways in skeletal muscle than endurance training. Therefore, it seems that resistance training is a more effective training method in improving the expression of genes involved in the promotion of sarcopenia with aging.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Sports and health nutrition
Mahsa Kahvand; Hassan Faraji; Dariush Sheikholeslami-Vatani
Abstract
Introduction: The present study investigated the effect of green tea supplementation with and without resistance training on the levels of MDA, TAC and lipid profiles of overweight men and women.
Methodology: The statistical sample of this research was 35 men and women (age: 37.9±4.7, body mass ...
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Introduction: The present study investigated the effect of green tea supplementation with and without resistance training on the levels of MDA, TAC and lipid profiles of overweight men and women.
Methodology: The statistical sample of this research was 35 men and women (age: 37.9±4.7, body mass index: 28.6±2.2) middle-aged volunteers and overweight, who were randomly divided into three exercise groups + Placebo, green tea and exercise + green tea were included. Resistance training was performed for 10 weeks, 3 sessions per week in 7 movements and with 70% intensity of one maximum repetition. The subjects of the green tea group consumed 2 tablets of 500 mg of green tea daily and after each meal. The exercise group + placebo, under the same conditions, consumed maltodextrin. 48 hours before and after the intervention, blood sampling was done under fasting conditions.
Results: Triglyceride and HDL did not change significantly in any group (p<0.05). TAC and MDA levels increased (p=0.012) and decreased (p=0.003) only in the exercise + green tea group. Total cholesterol was reduced in all three groups of exercise + green tea (p=0.006), exercise + placebo (p=0.001) and green tea (p=0.020). LDL decreased only in the exercise + green tea group (p=0.009).
Conclusion: 10-weeks consumption of green tea supplement along with resistance training has better effects than consumption of green tea alone on oxidative and anti-oxidant indices and also improving lipid profile of overweight people.
Research Paper I Open Access I Released under (CC BY-NC) license
Response and adaptation to exercises
javid nuri; saeid nikokheslat; mostafa khani; javad vakili
Abstract
Backgrounds: The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training, resistance and combined training on hormonal factors and microRNAs related to obesity and sports adaptations in obese adolescent boys. Methods: 36 healthy, sedentary boys (age range: ...
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Backgrounds: The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of eight weeks of high intensity interval training, resistance and combined training on hormonal factors and microRNAs related to obesity and sports adaptations in obese adolescent boys. Methods: 36 healthy, sedentary boys (age range: 13-15 years; BMI: 28-31 Kg/m2; Fat Percent: 32-36%) were divided into four groups of intense, resistance and combined intermittent exercise and control (no activity) based on aerobic capacity and fat percentage. Each HIIT session consisted of 6-8 repetitions of 30-60 second sprints at 80-85% (three minutes rest between repetitions). Resistance training included movements of the main muscles of the upper body, trunk and lower body. Combined training consisted of a combination of resistance training and HIIT. The expression of miRNA-133a, miRNA-1 and miRNA-143 in obese and overweight adolescent boys was measured before and after the exercise training protocols. Results: The results of the present study showed that after completing all three training protocols, the expression levels of miRNA-133a, miRNA-1 and miRNA-143 decreased significantly compared to the pre-test stage. Also, only in the combined group, a significant difference was observed between the expression changes of miRNA-133a and miRNA-1 with the resistance training group, but the expression levels of miRNA-133a, miRNA-1 and miRNA-143 did not differ between the combined group and the HIIT group.Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it seems that using a combination of HIIT and resistance training is a suitable method to increase sports adaptations at the cellular level.
