نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی Released under (CC BY-NC) license I Open Access I

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان

2 کارشناس ارشد فیزیولوژی ورزشی

چکیده

هدف: هدف این تحقیق بررسی تاثیر تمرین هوازی بر سطوح کمرین، شاخص‌های خطر قلبی-متابولیکی و التهابی در مردان میانسال مبتلا سندرم متابولیک بود.
روش‌شناسی: 26 مرد دارای شاخص‌های بومی ‌شده سندرم متابولیک (سن: 67/3 ± 69/54 سال، شاخص توده بدن: 23/1 ± 21/31 کیلوگرم بر متر مربع و اوج اکسیژن مصرفی: 49/4 ± 38/20 میلی‌لیتر بر کیلوگرم در دقیقه) به طورتصادفی به دوگروه تمرین هوازی (14 نفر) وکنترل (12) تقسیم شدند. بار تمرین در گروه تجربی در طول هشت هفته (سه جلسه درهفته) از 20-15 دقیقه با شدت 55-50 درصد اوج ضربان قلب لحظه پایان GXT، به 40-35 دقیقه با شدت 65 الی 60 درصد رسید. درحالت پایه و 48 ساعت پس ازآخرین جلسه تمرین نمونه گیری خون انجام شد.
یافته‌ها: تمرین‌هوازی باعث کاهش تمام متغیرهای مورد بررسی (به جز HDL و اوج اکسیژن مصرفی) شد (05/0>P). در حالت پایه، وزن و سن مهم‌ترین عوامل پیش‌بینی‌کننده مقدار کمرین سرم (001/0>P) و در طول مداخله، مقدار تغییرات گلوکز خون و CRP به عنوان مهم‌ترین عوامل پیش‌بینی‌کننده مقدار تغییرات همزمان در کمرین (001/0>P) بودند و در عوض مقدار تغییرات کمرین تنها عامل پیش‌بینی‌کننده مقدار تغییرات متناظر در CRP شناسایی شدند (003/0>P).
نتیجه‌گیری: در اثر تمرین هوازی، همزمان با آثار مثبت ایجاد ‌شده در وضعیت متابولیکی، التهابی و آمادگی هوازی، کمرین سرم کاهش می‌یابد که آثار مذکور احتمالا با دستکاری قند خون وCRP سرم توسط تمرین بروز می‌کنند. ولی به دلیل کمبود شواهد و محدودیتهای موجود هنوز نیاز به بررسی بیشتر وجود دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of aerobic training on chemerin, CRP and metabolic risk factors in middle age obese men

نویسندگان [English]

  • K Azali Alamadari 1
  • S Nasiri 2
  • Z Mohammadpour 2

1 Associate Professor, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University

2 MSc in Exercise Physiology,

چکیده [English]

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic training on serum Chemerin levels, inflammatory and cardio-metabolic risk factors in factors in midlife males complicated with metabolic syndrome.
Method: twenty six males with local Met criteria (age: 54.69±3.67 yrs., BMI: 31.21±1.23 kg/m2 and Vo2peak: 20.38±4.49 ml/kg.min) were randomly divided into aerobic training (n=14) and control (n=12) groups. Throughout eight weeks of training (3 sessions /week) the training load were increased from 15-20 min at 50-55% of HRpeak (end GXT heart rate) to 35-40 min at 60-65%. Blood samples were collected at baseline and 48 h after the intervention.
Results: Aerobic training induced significant reductions in all (except for HDL and Vo2peak) the investigated variables (P<0.05). At baseline, body weight and age were recognized as the most important predictors of serum Chemerin (P<0.05). Throughout the intervention period, the changes in blood glucose and CRP were the significant predictors of the concomitant changes in serum Chemerin levels (P<0.01), and the changes of Chemerin were the only predictor of the accompanying changes in CRP level (P<0.03). Conclusion: Chemerin reduces synchronously with the beneficial effects on metabolic and inflammatory indices as well as aerobic fitness level to be likely as the results from blood glucose and CRP modifications induced by aerobic training. However; more research remains to be done because of a little available evidence and limitations from this study.
 
Keywords: Aerobic training, Chemerin, CRP, Metabolic risk factor

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: Aerobic training
  • Chemerin
  • CRP
  • Metabolic risk factor
 
1.   Expert Panel on Detection E (2001). Executive summary of the Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). Jama, 285:2486.
2.   Després J-P, Lemieux I, Bergeron J, Pibarot P, Mathieu P, Larose E, Rodés-Cabau J, Bertrand OF, Poirier P (2008). Abdominal obesity and the metabolic syndrome: contribution to global cardiometabolic risk. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 28:1039-1049.
3.   Wozniak SE, Gee LL, Wachtel MS, Frezza EE (2009). Adipose tissue: the new endocrine organ? A review article. Dig Dis Sci, 54:1847-1856.
4.   Goralski KB, McCarthy TC, Hanniman EA, Zabel BA, Butcher EC, Parlee SD, Muruganandan S, Sinal CJ (2007). Chemerin, a novel adipokine that regulates adipogenesis and adipocyte metabolism. J Biol Chem, 282:28175-28188.
5.   González-Alvarez R, Garza-Rodríguez MdL, Delgado-Enciso I, Treviño-Alvarado VM, Canales-Del-Castillo R, Martínez-De-Villarreal LE, Lugo-Trampe Á, Tejero ME, Schlabritz-Loutsevitch NE, Rocha-Pizaña MDR (2015). Molecular evolution and expression profile of the chemerine encoding gene RARRES2 in baboon and chimpanzee. Biol Res, 48:31.
6.   Stejskal D, Karpisek M, Hanulova Z, Svestak M (2008). Chemerin is an independent marker of the metabolic syndrome in a Caucasian population--a pilot study. Biomed Pap Med Fac Univ Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub, 152:217-221.
7.   Bozaoglu K, Segal D, Shields KA, Cummings N, Curran JE, Comuzzie AG, Mahaney MC, Rainwater DL, VandeBerg JL, MacCluer JW (2009). Chemerin is associated with metabolic syndrome phenotypes in a Mexican-American population. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 94:3085-3088.
8.   Li Y, Shi B, Li S (2014). Association between Serum Chemerin Concentrations and Clinical Indices in Obesity or Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis. PLoS ONE, 9: 23.36.
9.   Bozaoglu K, Bolton K, McMillan J, Zimmet P, Jowett J, Collier G, Walder K, Segal D (2007). Chemerin is a novel adipokine associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. Endocrinol, 148:4687.
10. Skuja I, Stukena I, Lejnieks A (2015). Chemerin Relationship with Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Clinically Asymptomatic Patients. Fam Med Med Sci Res, 5: 2-12.
11. Sell H, Laurencikiene J, Taube A, Eckardt K, Cramer A, Horrighs A, Arner P, Eckel J (2009). Chemerin is a novel adipocyte-derived factor inducing insulin resistance in primary human skeletal muscle cells. Diabetes, 58:2731-2740.
12. Kralisch S, Weise S, Sommer G, Lipfert J, Lossner U, Bluher M, Stumvoll M, Fasshauer M (2009). Interleukin-1ß induces the novel adipokine chemerin in adipocytes in vitro. Regul Pept, 154:102-106.
13. Tannock LR, O’Brien KD, Knopp RH, Retzlaff B, Fish B, Wener MH, Kahn SE, Chait A (2005). Cholesterol feeding increases C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A levels in lean insulin-sensitive subjects. Circ, 111:3058-3062.
14. Ridker PM, Buring JE, Cook NR, Rifai N (2003). C-reactive protein, the metabolic syndrome, and risk of incident cardiovascular events an 8-year follow-up of 14 719 initially healthy American women. Circ, 107:391-397.
15. Ernst MC, Sinal CJ (2010). Chemerin: at the crossroads of inflammation and obesity.Trends Endocrinol Metab, 21:660-667.
16. Weigert J, Neumeier M, Wanninger J, Filarsky M, Bauer S, Wiest R, Farkas S, Scherer MN, Schäffler A, Aslanidis C (2010). Systemic chemerin is related to inflammation rather than obesity in type 2 diabetes. Clin endocrinol, 72:342-348.
17. Catalán V, Gómez-Ambrosi J, Rodríguez A, Ramírez B, Rotellar F, Valentí V, Silva C, Gil MJ, Salvador J, Frühbeck G (2013). Increased levels of chemerin and its receptor, chemokine-like receptor-1, in obesity are related to inflammation: tumor necrosis factor-α stimulates mRNA levels of chemerin in visceral adipocytes from obese patients. Surg Obes Relat Dis, 9:306-314.
18. Schenk S, Saberi M, Olefsky JM (2008). Insulin sensitivity: modulation by nutrients and inflammation. The J Clin Invest, 118:2992.
19. Arai Y, Takayama M, Abe Y, Hirose N (2011). Adipokines and aging. J Atheroscler Thromb, 18:545.
20. Mair J, Jaffe AS (2014). Biomarker Tests for Risk Assessment in Coronary Artery Disease: Will They Change Clinical Practice? Mol Diagn Ther, 18:5-15.
21. Stefanyk LE, Dyck DJ (2010). The interaction between adipokines, diet and exercise on muscle insulin sensitivity. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 13:255-259.
22. Chakaroun R, Raschpichler M, Klöting N, Oberbach A, Flehmig G, Kern M, Schön MR, Shang E, Lohmann T, Dreßler M (2012). Effects of weight loss and exercise on chemerin serum concentrations and adipose tissue expression in human obesity. Metab, 61:706-714.
23. Kim D-I, Lee DH, Hong S, Jo S-w, Won Y-s, Jeon JY (2017). Six weeks of combined aerobic and resistance exercise using outdoor exercise machines improves fitness, insulin resistance, and chemerin in the Korean elderly: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Arch Gerontol Geriatr.
24. Stefanov T, Blüher M, Vekova A, Bonova I, Tzvetkov S, Kurktschiev D, Temelkova-Kurktschiev T (2014). Circulating chemerin decreases in response to a combined strength and endurance training. Endocr, 45:382-391.
25. Pazoki AH, Choobineh S, Akbarnejad A (2016). The Effect of Six Weeks Combined Training on Plasma Levels of Chemerin, Serum Amyloid A and C-reactive Proteine and Plasma Lipid in Obese Male. Majallahi Ilmipizhuhishii Danishgahilumi Pizishki Va Khadamati Bihdashti Darmanii Arak, 19:1-11.
26. Saremi A, Moslehabadi M, Parastesh M (2011). Effects of twelve-week strength training on serum chemerin., tnf-α and crp level in subjects with the metabolic syndrome. Iran J Endocrinol & Metab. 2011; 12 (5) :536-543
27. Zehsaz F, Farhangi N, Ghahramani M (2017). Exercise training lowers serum chemerin concentration in obese children. Sci & Sports, 32:39-45.
28. Kim SH, Lee SH, Ahn KY, Lee DH, Suh YJ, Cho SG, Choi YJ, Lee DH, Lee SY, Hong SB (2014). Effect of lifestyle modification on serum chemerin concentration and its association with insulin sensitivity in overweight and obese adults with type 2 diabetes. Clin endocrinol, 80:825-833.
29. Catrysse L, van Loo G (2017). Inflammation and the Metabolic Syndrome: The Tissue-Specific Functions of NF-κB. Trends Cell Biol.
30. Azizi F, Hadaegh F, Khalili D, Esteghamati A, Hosseinpanah F, Delavari A, Larijani B, Zabetian A, Kelishadi R, Aghajani H (2010). Appropriate definition of metabolic syndrome among Iranian adults: report of the Iranian National Committee of Obesity. Arch Iran med, 13:426.
31. Medicine ACoS: ACSM's guidelines for exercise testing and prescription. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2013.
32. Cheon DY, Kang JG, Lee SJ, Ihm SH, Lee EJ, Choi MG, Yoo HJ, Kim CS (2017). Serum Chemerin Levels are Associated with Visceral Adiposity, Independent of Waist Circumference, in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetic Subjects. Yonsei Med J, 58:319.
33. Han J, Kim SH, Suh YJ, Lim HA, Shin H, Cho SG, Kim CW, Lee SY, Lee DH, Hong S (2016). Serum Chemerin Levels Are Associated with Abdominal Visceral Fat in Type 2 Diabetes. J Korean Med Sci, 31:924.
34. Shin HY, Lee DC, Chu SH, Jeon JY, Lee MK, Im JA, Lee JW (2012). Chemerin levels are positively correlated with abdominal visceral fat accumulation. Clinl endocrin, 77:47-50.
35. Parlee S, Ernst M, Muruganandan S, Sinal C, Goralski K (2010). Serum chemerin levels vary with time of day and are modified by obesity and tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}. Endocrinol, 151:2590.
36. Hart R, Greaves DR (2010). Chemerin contributes to inflammation by promoting macrophage adhesion to VCAM-1 and fibronectin through clustering of VLA-4 and VLA-5. J Immunol, 185:3728-3739.
37. Wittamer V, Franssen J-D, Vulcano M, Mirjolet J-F, Le Poul E, Migeotte I, Brézillon S, Tyldesley R, Blanpain C, Detheux M (2003). Specific recruitment of antigen-presenting cells by chemerin, a novel processed ligand from human inflammatory fluids. J Exp Med, 198:977-985.
38. Lehrke M, Becker A, Greif M, Stark R, Laubender RP, von Ziegler F, Lebherz C, Tittus J, Reiser M, Becker C (2009). Chemerin is associated with markers of inflammation and components of the metabolic syndrome but does not predict coronary atherosclerosis. Eur J Endocrinol, 161:339-344.
39. Group TAS (2010). Effects of combination lipid therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med, 362:1563-1574.
40. Murphy AJ, Woollard KJ (2010). High‐density lipoprotein: A potent inhibitor of inflammation. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol, 37:710-718.
41. Baker P, Rye K, Gamble J, Vadas M, Barter P (2000). Phospholipid composition of reconstituted high density lipoproteins influences their ability to inhibit endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression. J Lipid Res, 41:1261-1267.
42. Lehti M, Donelan E, Abplanalp W, Al-Massadi O, Habegger K, Weber J, Ress C, Mansfeld J, Somvanshi S, Trivedi C (2013). High-density lipoprotein maintains skeletal muscle function by modulating cellular respiration in mice. Circ, 128:2364-2371.
43. Fryirs MA, Barter PJ, Appavoo M, Tuch BE, Tabet F, Heather AK, Rye KA (2010). Effects of high-density lipoproteins on pancreatic beta-cell insulin secretion. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 30:1642-1648.
44. Serban C, Muntean D, Mikhailids DP, Toth PP, Banach M (2014). Dysfunctional HDL: the journey from savior to slayer. Clin Lipidol, 9:49-59.
45. Guijarro C (2001). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein: potential adjunct for global risk assessment in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Circ, 104:e127-e127.
46. Church TS, Barlow CE, Earnest CP, Kampert JB, Priest EL, Blair SN (2002). Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and C-reactive protein in men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 22:1869-1876.
47. Okita K, Nishijima H, Murakami T, Nagai T, Morita N, Yonezawa K, Iizuka K, Kawaguchi H, Kitabatake A (2004). Can exercise training with weight loss lower serum C-reactive protein levels? Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol, 24:1868-1873.