1. Patel H, Alkhawam H, Madanieh R, Shah N, Kosmas CE, Vittorio TJ. Aerobic vs anaerobic exercise training effects on the cardiovascular system. World J Cardiol. 2017;9(2):134.
2. Chen S, Zhou K, Shang H, Du M, Wu L, Chen Y. Effects of concurrent aerobic and resistance training on vascular health in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14.
3. Urso ML, Clarkson PM. Oxidative stress, exercise, and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicology. 2003;189(1–2):41–54.
4. Guo H, Bechtel-Walz W. The Interplay of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in the Kidney: What Do We Know? Nephron. 2023;147(10):627–42.
5. Martínez A, López-Rull I, Fargallo JA. To Prevent Oxidative Stress, What about Protoporphyrin IX, Biliverdin, and Bilirubin? Antioxidants. 2023;12(9):1662.
6. Clemente-Suárez VJ, Bustamante-Sanchez Á, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Martínez-Guardado I, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Antioxidants and Sports Performance. Nutrients. 2023;15(10):2371.
7. Dehghan G, Shaghaghi M, Jafari A, Mohammadi M, Badalzadeh R. Effect of endurance training and cinnamon supplementation on post-exercise oxidative responses in rats. Mol Biol Res Commun. 2014;3(4):269.
8. Braakhuis AJ, Hopkins WG, Lowe TE. Effect of dietary antioxidants, training, and performance correlates on antioxidant status in competitive rowers. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013;8(5):565–72.
9. Ji LL, Radak Z, Goto S. Hormesis and exercise: how the cell copes with oxidative stress. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008;3(1):41–55.
10. Nezamdoust Z, Saghebjoo M, Barzgar A. Effect of twelve weeks of aerobic training on serum levels of vaspin, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance index in women patients with type 2 diabetes. Iran J Diabetes Metab. 2015;14(2):99–104.
11. Thirupathi A, Wang M, Lin JK, Fekete G, István B, Baker JS, et al. Effect of different exercise modalities on oxidative stress: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:1–10.
12. Babaei F, Barzegari A, Norian E, Dashti Khoidaki MH. The effect of 12 weeks of submaximal swimming training on MAPK and MDA biomarkers in rats exposed to tobacco-derived nitrosamine ketone. Sport Physiol. 2023;14(56):147–76. [Text in Persian] 
13. Seyed A, Farsi S, Hosseini SA, Kaka G. Antioxidant effects of swimming training and curcumin in withdrawal period of alcohol overdose in rats. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 2018;8(3):901–10. [Text in Persian] 
14. Mirdar S, Seyedazizi R, Arzani A, Hedayati M. Effects of lead and curcumin interactions during a period of endurance training on the lung levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. No TitleJournal Sport Biomotor Sci. 2017;17(1):49–56.
15. Jahani GH, Firoozrai M, Matin Homaee H, Tarverdizadeh B, Azarbayjani MA, Movaseghi GH, et al. The effect of continuous and regular exercise on erytrocyte antioxidative enzymes activity and stress oxidative in young soccer players. Razi J Med Sci. 2010;17(74):22–32. [Text in Persian] 
16. Zalukhu ML, Phyma AR, Pinzon RT. Proses Menua, Stres Oksidatif, dan Peran Anti Oksidan. Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 2016;43(10):733–6.
17. Yunus M. The Influence of 8-Week Aerobic Exercise on Antioxidant Enzym on Young Men. Interdiscip Soc Stud. 2023;2(9):2372–8.
18. Saraf S, Vahid, Amir Sasan, Ramin, Zolfi. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and sedentary activity on salivary and blood antioxidant enzymes in inactive men. Physiology and management research in sports. 2017;9(3):75–85. [Text in Persian] 
19. Kıran TR, Otlu O, Karabulut AB. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in health and disease. J Lab Med. 2023;47(1):1–11.
20. Oyedemi SO, Afolayan AJ. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of hydroalcoholic stem bark extract of Schotia latifolia Jacq. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011;4(12):952–8.
21. Müller D, Schantz M, Richling E. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of anthocyanins in bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), and corresponding juices. J Food Sci. 2012;77(4):C340–5.
22. Moze S, Polak T, Gasperlin L, Koron D, Vanzo A, Poklar Ulrih N, et al. Phenolics in Slovenian bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(13):6998–7004.
23. Rahbarghazi A, Siahkouhian M. The effect of swimming training and curcumin supplementation on antioxidant indices inactive young men. Med J mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2021;64(2):2753–62.
24. Emami A, Sahranavard GA. Effects of Aerobic Training and Chlorella Consumption on Renal Antioxidant Indices in Male Diabetic Rats. 2020;
25. Vakili J, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Mirza Alilu T. The Effect of 10 Weeks of Resistance Training with Vaccinium Arctostaphylos Supplementation on Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women with Type II Diabetes. J Sport Biosci. 2017;9(3):399–413. [Text in Persian] 
26. Dokht H, Islami F, Rajabi H, Hedayati M. The effect of aerobic exercise and vitamin E and C supplements on GSH and GPX and SOD antioxidant enzymes in pregnant rats. Olympic. 2011; 55.
27. Irani E, Khorshidi D. The effect of total body resistance exercise and Vaccinium arctostaphylos supplementation on body composition and C-reactive protein in obese women. Daneshvar Med. 2021;29(3):66–77. [Text in Persian] 
28. Hasanloo T, Jafarkhani Kermani M, Dalvand YA, Rezazadeh S. A complete review on the genus Vaccinium and Iranian Ghareghat. J Med Plants. 2019;18(72):46–65. [Text in Persian]
29. Soltani R, Hakimi M, Asgary S, Ghanadian SM, Keshvari M, Sarrafzadegan N. Evaluation of the effects of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Fruit extract on serum lipids and hs-CRP levels and oxidative stress in adult patients with hyperlipidemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med. 2014;2014.
30. Shafiee-Nick R, Parizadeh SMR, Zokaei N, Ghorbani A. Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Vaccinium arctostaphylos on insulin release from rat-isolated langerhans islets. 2011;
31. Souza CS, de Sousa Oliveira BS, Viana GN, Correia TML, de Bragança AC, Canale D, et al. Preventive effect of exercise training on diabetic kidney disease in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes. Exp Biol Med. 2019;244(9):758–69.
32. Parekh J, Chanda S. In vitro antibacterial activity of the crude methanol extract of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. flower (Lythraceae). Brazilian J Microbiol. 2007;38:204–7.
33. Sparkman OD, Penton Z, Kitson FG. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry: a practical guide. Academic press; 2011.
34. Powers SK, Criswell D, Lawler J, Ji LL, Martin D, Herb RA, et al. Influence of exercise and fiber type on antioxidant enzyme activity in rat skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Integr Comp Physiol. 1994;266(2):R375–80.
35. Shahram S. Seed dormancy and germination of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Int J Bot. 2007;3(3):307–11.
36. Nickavar B, Salehi-Sormagi MH, Amin G, Daneshtalab M. Steam volatiles of Vaccinium arctostaphylos. Pharm Biol. 2002;40(6):448–9.
37. Moghaddasi M, Javanmard SH, Reisi P, Tajadini M, Taati M. The effect of regular exercise on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels in both hippocampi after occluding one carotid in rat. J Physiol Sci. 2014;64:325–32.
38. Takikawa M, Inoue S, Horio F, Tsuda T. Dietary anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract ameliorates hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in diabetic mice. J Nutr. 2010;140(3):527–33.
39. Kakarla P, Kesireddy S, Christiaan L. Exercise training with ageing protects against ethanol induced myocardial glutathione homeostasis. Free Radic Res. 2008;42(5):428–34.
40. Powers SK, Jackson MJ. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production. Physiol Rev. 2008;88(4):1243–76.

1. Patel H, Alkhawam H, Madanieh R, Shah N, Kosmas CE, Vittorio TJ. Aerobic vs anaerobic exercise training effects on the cardiovascular system. World J Cardiol. 2017;9(2):134.
2. Chen S, Zhou K, Shang H, Du M, Wu L, Chen Y. Effects of concurrent aerobic and resistance training on vascular health in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14.
3. Urso ML, Clarkson PM. Oxidative stress, exercise, and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicology. 2003;189(1–2):41–54.
4. Guo H, Bechtel-Walz W. The Interplay of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in the Kidney: What Do We Know? Nephron. 2023;147(10):627–42.
5. Martínez A, López-Rull I, Fargallo JA. To Prevent Oxidative Stress, What about Protoporphyrin IX, Biliverdin, and Bilirubin? Antioxidants. 2023;12(9):1662.
6. Clemente-Suárez VJ, Bustamante-Sanchez Á, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Martínez-Guardado I, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Antioxidants and Sports Performance. Nutrients. 2023;15(10):2371.
7. Dehghan G, Shaghaghi M, Jafari A, Mohammadi M, Badalzadeh R. Effect of endurance training and cinnamon supplementation on post-exercise oxidative responses in rats. Mol Biol Res Commun. 2014;3(4):269.
8. Braakhuis AJ, Hopkins WG, Lowe TE. Effect of dietary antioxidants, training, and performance correlates on antioxidant status in competitive rowers. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013;8(5):565–72.
9. Ji LL, Radak Z, Goto S. Hormesis and exercise: how the cell copes with oxidative stress. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008;3(1):41–55.
10. Nezamdoust Z, Saghebjoo M, Barzgar A. Effect of twelve weeks of aerobic training on serum levels of vaspin, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance index in women patients with type 2 diabetes. Iran J Diabetes Metab. 2015;14(2):99–104.
11. Thirupathi A, Wang M, Lin JK, Fekete G, István B, Baker JS, et al. Effect of different exercise modalities on oxidative stress: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:1–10.
12. Babaei F, Barzegari A, Norian E, Dashti Khoidaki MH. The effect of 12 weeks of submaximal swimming training on MAPK and MDA biomarkers in rats exposed to tobacco-derived nitrosamine ketone. Sport Physiol. 2023;14(56):147–76. [Text in Persian] 
13. Seyed A, Farsi S, Hosseini SA, Kaka G. Antioxidant effects of swimming training and curcumin in withdrawal period of alcohol overdose in rats. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 2018;8(3):901–10. [Text in Persian] 
14. Mirdar S, Seyedazizi R, Arzani A, Hedayati M. Effects of lead and curcumin interactions during a period of endurance training on the lung levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. No TitleJournal Sport Biomotor Sci. 2017;17(1):49–56.
15. Jahani GH, Firoozrai M, Matin Homaee H, Tarverdizadeh B, Azarbayjani MA, Movaseghi GH, et al. The effect of continuous and regular exercise on erytrocyte antioxidative enzymes activity and stress oxidative in young soccer players. Razi J Med Sci. 2010;17(74):22–32. [Text in Persian] 
16. Zalukhu ML, Phyma AR, Pinzon RT. Proses Menua, Stres Oksidatif, dan Peran Anti Oksidan. Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 2016;43(10):733–6.
17. Yunus M. The Influence of 8-Week Aerobic Exercise on Antioxidant Enzym on Young Men. Interdiscip Soc Stud. 2023;2(9):2372–8.
18. Saraf S, Vahid, Amir Sasan, Ramin, Zolfi. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and sedentary activity on salivary and blood antioxidant enzymes in inactive men. Physiology and management research in sports. 2017;9(3):75–85. [Text in Persian] 
19. Kıran TR, Otlu O, Karabulut AB. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in health and disease. J Lab Med. 2023;47(1):1–11.
20. Oyedemi SO, Afolayan AJ. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of hydroalcoholic stem bark extract of Schotia latifolia Jacq. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011;4(12):952–8.
21. Müller D, Schantz M, Richling E. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of anthocyanins in bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), and corresponding juices. J Food Sci. 2012;77(4):C340–5.
22. Moze S, Polak T, Gasperlin L, Koron D, Vanzo A, Poklar Ulrih N, et al. Phenolics in Slovenian bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(13):6998–7004.
23. Rahbarghazi A, Siahkouhian M. The effect of swimming training and curcumin supplementation on antioxidant indices inactive young men. Med J mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2021;64(2):2753–62.
24. Emami A, Sahranavard GA. Effects of Aerobic Training and Chlorella Consumption on Renal Antioxidant Indices in Male Diabetic Rats. 2020;
25. Vakili J, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Mirza Alilu T. The Effect of 10 Weeks of Resistance Training with Vaccinium Arctostaphylos Supplementation on Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women with Type II Diabetes. J Sport Biosci. 2017;9(3):399–413. [Text in Persian] 
26. Dokht H, Islami F, Rajabi H, Hedayati M. The effect of aerobic exercise and vitamin E and C supplements on GSH and GPX and SOD antioxidant enzymes in pregnant rats. Olympic. 2011; 55.
27. Irani E, Khorshidi D. The effect of total body resistance exercise and Vaccinium arctostaphylos supplementation on body composition and C-reactive protein in obese women. Daneshvar Med. 2021;29(3):66–77. [Text in Persian] 
28. Hasanloo T, Jafarkhani Kermani M, Dalvand YA, Rezazadeh S. A complete review on the genus Vaccinium and Iranian Ghareghat. J Med Plants. 2019;18(72):46–65. [Text in Persian]
29. Soltani R, Hakimi M, Asgary S, Ghanadian SM, Keshvari M, Sarrafzadegan N. Evaluation of the effects of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Fruit extract on serum lipids and hs-CRP levels and oxidative stress in adult patients with hyperlipidemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med. 2014;2014.
30. Shafiee-Nick R, Parizadeh SMR, Zokaei N, Ghorbani A. Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Vaccinium arctostaphylos on insulin release from rat-isolated langerhans islets. 2011;
31. Souza CS, de Sousa Oliveira BS, Viana GN, Correia TML, de Bragança AC, Canale D, et al. Preventive effect of exercise training on diabetic kidney disease in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes. Exp Biol Med. 2019;244(9):758–69.
32. Parekh J, Chanda S. In vitro antibacterial activity of the crude methanol extract of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. flower (Lythraceae). Brazilian J Microbiol. 2007;38:204–7.
33. Sparkman OD, Penton Z, Kitson FG. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry: a practical guide. Academic press; 2011.
34. Powers SK, Criswell D, Lawler J, Ji LL, Martin D, Herb RA, et al. Influence of exercise and fiber type on antioxidant enzyme activity in rat skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Integr Comp Physiol. 1994;266(2):R375–80.
35. Shahram S. Seed dormancy and germination of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Int J Bot. 2007;3(3):307–11.
36. Nickavar B, Salehi-Sormagi MH, Amin G, Daneshtalab M. Steam volatiles of Vaccinium arctostaphylos. Pharm Biol. 2002;40(6):448–9.
37. Moghaddasi M, Javanmard SH, Reisi P, Tajadini M, Taati M. The effect of regular exercise on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels in both hippocampi after occluding one carotid in rat. J Physiol Sci. 2014;64:325–32.
38. Takikawa M, Inoue S, Horio F, Tsuda T. Dietary anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract ameliorates hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in diabetic mice. J Nutr. 2010;140(3):527–33.
39. Kakarla P, Kesireddy S, Christiaan L. Exercise training with ageing protects against ethanol induced myocardial glutathione homeostasis. Free Radic Res. 2008;42(5):428–34.
40. Powers SK, Jackson MJ. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production. Physiol Rev. 2008;88(4):1243–76.

1. Patel H, Alkhawam H, Madanieh R, Shah N, Kosmas CE, Vittorio TJ. Aerobic vs anaerobic exercise training effects on the cardiovascular system. World J Cardiol. 2017;9(2):134.
2. Chen S, Zhou K, Shang H, Du M, Wu L, Chen Y. Effects of concurrent aerobic and resistance training on vascular health in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14.
3. Urso ML, Clarkson PM. Oxidative stress, exercise, and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicology. 2003;189(1–2):41–54.
4. Guo H, Bechtel-Walz W. The Interplay of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in the Kidney: What Do We Know? Nephron. 2023;147(10):627–42.
5. Martínez A, López-Rull I, Fargallo JA. To Prevent Oxidative Stress, What about Protoporphyrin IX, Biliverdin, and Bilirubin? Antioxidants. 2023;12(9):1662.
6. Clemente-Suárez VJ, Bustamante-Sanchez Á, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Martínez-Guardado I, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Antioxidants and Sports Performance. Nutrients. 2023;15(10):2371.
7. Dehghan G, Shaghaghi M, Jafari A, Mohammadi M, Badalzadeh R. Effect of endurance training and cinnamon supplementation on post-exercise oxidative responses in rats. Mol Biol Res Commun. 2014;3(4):269.
8. Braakhuis AJ, Hopkins WG, Lowe TE. Effect of dietary antioxidants, training, and performance correlates on antioxidant status in competitive rowers. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013;8(5):565–72.
9. Ji LL, Radak Z, Goto S. Hormesis and exercise: how the cell copes with oxidative stress. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008;3(1):41–55.
10. Nezamdoust Z, Saghebjoo M, Barzgar A. Effect of twelve weeks of aerobic training on serum levels of vaspin, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance index in women patients with type 2 diabetes. Iran J Diabetes Metab. 2015;14(2):99–104.
11. Thirupathi A, Wang M, Lin JK, Fekete G, István B, Baker JS, et al. Effect of different exercise modalities on oxidative stress: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:1–10.
12. Babaei F, Barzegari A, Norian E, Dashti Khoidaki MH. The effect of 12 weeks of submaximal swimming training on MAPK and MDA biomarkers in rats exposed to tobacco-derived nitrosamine ketone. Sport Physiol. 2023;14(56):147–76. [Text in Persian] 
13. Seyed A, Farsi S, Hosseini SA, Kaka G. Antioxidant effects of swimming training and curcumin in withdrawal period of alcohol overdose in rats. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 2018;8(3):901–10. [Text in Persian] 
14. Mirdar S, Seyedazizi R, Arzani A, Hedayati M. Effects of lead and curcumin interactions during a period of endurance training on the lung levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. No TitleJournal Sport Biomotor Sci. 2017;17(1):49–56.
15. Jahani GH, Firoozrai M, Matin Homaee H, Tarverdizadeh B, Azarbayjani MA, Movaseghi GH, et al. The effect of continuous and regular exercise on erytrocyte antioxidative enzymes activity and stress oxidative in young soccer players. Razi J Med Sci. 2010;17(74):22–32. [Text in Persian] 
16. Zalukhu ML, Phyma AR, Pinzon RT. Proses Menua, Stres Oksidatif, dan Peran Anti Oksidan. Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 2016;43(10):733–6.
17. Yunus M. The Influence of 8-Week Aerobic Exercise on Antioxidant Enzym on Young Men. Interdiscip Soc Stud. 2023;2(9):2372–8.
18. Saraf S, Vahid, Amir Sasan, Ramin, Zolfi. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and sedentary activity on salivary and blood antioxidant enzymes in inactive men. Physiology and management research in sports. 2017;9(3):75–85. [Text in Persian] 
19. Kıran TR, Otlu O, Karabulut AB. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in health and disease. J Lab Med. 2023;47(1):1–11.
20. Oyedemi SO, Afolayan AJ. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of hydroalcoholic stem bark extract of Schotia latifolia Jacq. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011;4(12):952–8.
21. Müller D, Schantz M, Richling E. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of anthocyanins in bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), and corresponding juices. J Food Sci. 2012;77(4):C340–5.
22. Moze S, Polak T, Gasperlin L, Koron D, Vanzo A, Poklar Ulrih N, et al. Phenolics in Slovenian bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(13):6998–7004.
23. Rahbarghazi A, Siahkouhian M. The effect of swimming training and curcumin supplementation on antioxidant indices inactive young men. Med J mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2021;64(2):2753–62.
24. Emami A, Sahranavard GA. Effects of Aerobic Training and Chlorella Consumption on Renal Antioxidant Indices in Male Diabetic Rats. 2020;
25. Vakili J, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Mirza Alilu T. The Effect of 10 Weeks of Resistance Training with Vaccinium Arctostaphylos Supplementation on Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women with Type II Diabetes. J Sport Biosci. 2017;9(3):399–413. [Text in Persian] 
26. Dokht H, Islami F, Rajabi H, Hedayati M. The effect of aerobic exercise and vitamin E and C supplements on GSH and GPX and SOD antioxidant enzymes in pregnant rats. Olympic. 2011; 55.
27. Irani E, Khorshidi D. The effect of total body resistance exercise and Vaccinium arctostaphylos supplementation on body composition and C-reactive protein in obese women. Daneshvar Med. 2021;29(3):66–77. [Text in Persian] 
28. Hasanloo T, Jafarkhani Kermani M, Dalvand YA, Rezazadeh S. A complete review on the genus Vaccinium and Iranian Ghareghat. J Med Plants. 2019;18(72):46–65. [Text in Persian]
29. Soltani R, Hakimi M, Asgary S, Ghanadian SM, Keshvari M, Sarrafzadegan N. Evaluation of the effects of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Fruit extract on serum lipids and hs-CRP levels and oxidative stress in adult patients with hyperlipidemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med. 2014;2014.
30. Shafiee-Nick R, Parizadeh SMR, Zokaei N, Ghorbani A. Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Vaccinium arctostaphylos on insulin release from rat-isolated langerhans islets. 2011;
31. Souza CS, de Sousa Oliveira BS, Viana GN, Correia TML, de Bragança AC, Canale D, et al. Preventive effect of exercise training on diabetic kidney disease in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes. Exp Biol Med. 2019;244(9):758–69.
32. Parekh J, Chanda S. In vitro antibacterial activity of the crude methanol extract of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. flower (Lythraceae). Brazilian J Microbiol. 2007;38:204–7.
33. Sparkman OD, Penton Z, Kitson FG. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry: a practical guide. Academic press; 2011.
34. Powers SK, Criswell D, Lawler J, Ji LL, Martin D, Herb RA, et al. Influence of exercise and fiber type on antioxidant enzyme activity in rat skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Integr Comp Physiol. 1994;266(2):R375–80.
35. Shahram S. Seed dormancy and germination of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Int J Bot. 2007;3(3):307–11.
36. Nickavar B, Salehi-Sormagi MH, Amin G, Daneshtalab M. Steam volatiles of Vaccinium arctostaphylos. Pharm Biol. 2002;40(6):448–9.
37. Moghaddasi M, Javanmard SH, Reisi P, Tajadini M, Taati M. The effect of regular exercise on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels in both hippocampi after occluding one carotid in rat. J Physiol Sci. 2014;64:325–32.
38. Takikawa M, Inoue S, Horio F, Tsuda T. Dietary anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract ameliorates hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in diabetic mice. J Nutr. 2010;140(3):527–33.
39. Kakarla P, Kesireddy S, Christiaan L. Exercise training with ageing protects against ethanol induced myocardial glutathione homeostasis. Free Radic Res. 2008;42(5):428–34.
40. Powers SK, Jackson MJ. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production. Physiol Rev. 2008;88(4):1243–76.

1. Patel H, Alkhawam H, Madanieh R, Shah N, Kosmas CE, Vittorio TJ. Aerobic vs anaerobic exercise training effects on the cardiovascular system. World J Cardiol. 2017;9(2):134.
2. Chen S, Zhou K, Shang H, Du M, Wu L, Chen Y. Effects of concurrent aerobic and resistance training on vascular health in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14.
3. Urso ML, Clarkson PM. Oxidative stress, exercise, and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicology. 2003;189(1–2):41–54.
4. Guo H, Bechtel-Walz W. The Interplay of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in the Kidney: What Do We Know? Nephron. 2023;147(10):627–42.
5. Martínez A, López-Rull I, Fargallo JA. To Prevent Oxidative Stress, What about Protoporphyrin IX, Biliverdin, and Bilirubin? Antioxidants. 2023;12(9):1662.
6. Clemente-Suárez VJ, Bustamante-Sanchez Á, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Martínez-Guardado I, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Antioxidants and Sports Performance. Nutrients. 2023;15(10):2371.
7. Dehghan G, Shaghaghi M, Jafari A, Mohammadi M, Badalzadeh R. Effect of endurance training and cinnamon supplementation on post-exercise oxidative responses in rats. Mol Biol Res Commun. 2014;3(4):269.
8. Braakhuis AJ, Hopkins WG, Lowe TE. Effect of dietary antioxidants, training, and performance correlates on antioxidant status in competitive rowers. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013;8(5):565–72.
9. Ji LL, Radak Z, Goto S. Hormesis and exercise: how the cell copes with oxidative stress. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008;3(1):41–55.
10. Nezamdoust Z, Saghebjoo M, Barzgar A. Effect of twelve weeks of aerobic training on serum levels of vaspin, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance index in women patients with type 2 diabetes. Iran J Diabetes Metab. 2015;14(2):99–104.
11. Thirupathi A, Wang M, Lin JK, Fekete G, István B, Baker JS, et al. Effect of different exercise modalities on oxidative stress: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:1–10.
12. Babaei F, Barzegari A, Norian E, Dashti Khoidaki MH. The effect of 12 weeks of submaximal swimming training on MAPK and MDA biomarkers in rats exposed to tobacco-derived nitrosamine ketone. Sport Physiol. 2023;14(56):147–76. [Text in Persian] 
13. Seyed A, Farsi S, Hosseini SA, Kaka G. Antioxidant effects of swimming training and curcumin in withdrawal period of alcohol overdose in rats. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 2018;8(3):901–10. [Text in Persian] 
14. Mirdar S, Seyedazizi R, Arzani A, Hedayati M. Effects of lead and curcumin interactions during a period of endurance training on the lung levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. No TitleJournal Sport Biomotor Sci. 2017;17(1):49–56.
15. Jahani GH, Firoozrai M, Matin Homaee H, Tarverdizadeh B, Azarbayjani MA, Movaseghi GH, et al. The effect of continuous and regular exercise on erytrocyte antioxidative enzymes activity and stress oxidative in young soccer players. Razi J Med Sci. 2010;17(74):22–32. [Text in Persian] 
16. Zalukhu ML, Phyma AR, Pinzon RT. Proses Menua, Stres Oksidatif, dan Peran Anti Oksidan. Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 2016;43(10):733–6.
17. Yunus M. The Influence of 8-Week Aerobic Exercise on Antioxidant Enzym on Young Men. Interdiscip Soc Stud. 2023;2(9):2372–8.
18. Saraf S, Vahid, Amir Sasan, Ramin, Zolfi. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and sedentary activity on salivary and blood antioxidant enzymes in inactive men. Physiology and management research in sports. 2017;9(3):75–85. [Text in Persian] 
19. Kıran TR, Otlu O, Karabulut AB. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in health and disease. J Lab Med. 2023;47(1):1–11.
20. Oyedemi SO, Afolayan AJ. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of hydroalcoholic stem bark extract of Schotia latifolia Jacq. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011;4(12):952–8.
21. Müller D, Schantz M, Richling E. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of anthocyanins in bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), and corresponding juices. J Food Sci. 2012;77(4):C340–5.
22. Moze S, Polak T, Gasperlin L, Koron D, Vanzo A, Poklar Ulrih N, et al. Phenolics in Slovenian bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(13):6998–7004.
23. Rahbarghazi A, Siahkouhian M. The effect of swimming training and curcumin supplementation on antioxidant indices inactive young men. Med J mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2021;64(2):2753–62.
24. Emami A, Sahranavard GA. Effects of Aerobic Training and Chlorella Consumption on Renal Antioxidant Indices in Male Diabetic Rats. 2020;
25. Vakili J, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Mirza Alilu T. The Effect of 10 Weeks of Resistance Training with Vaccinium Arctostaphylos Supplementation on Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women with Type II Diabetes. J Sport Biosci. 2017;9(3):399–413. [Text in Persian] 
26. Dokht H, Islami F, Rajabi H, Hedayati M. The effect of aerobic exercise and vitamin E and C supplements on GSH and GPX and SOD antioxidant enzymes in pregnant rats. Olympic. 2011; 55.
27. Irani E, Khorshidi D. The effect of total body resistance exercise and Vaccinium arctostaphylos supplementation on body composition and C-reactive protein in obese women. Daneshvar Med. 2021;29(3):66–77. [Text in Persian] 
28. Hasanloo T, Jafarkhani Kermani M, Dalvand YA, Rezazadeh S. A complete review on the genus Vaccinium and Iranian Ghareghat. J Med Plants. 2019;18(72):46–65. [Text in Persian]
29. Soltani R, Hakimi M, Asgary S, Ghanadian SM, Keshvari M, Sarrafzadegan N. Evaluation of the effects of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Fruit extract on serum lipids and hs-CRP levels and oxidative stress in adult patients with hyperlipidemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med. 2014;2014.
30. Shafiee-Nick R, Parizadeh SMR, Zokaei N, Ghorbani A. Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Vaccinium arctostaphylos on insulin release from rat-isolated langerhans islets. 2011;
31. Souza CS, de Sousa Oliveira BS, Viana GN, Correia TML, de Bragança AC, Canale D, et al. Preventive effect of exercise training on diabetic kidney disease in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes. Exp Biol Med. 2019;244(9):758–69.
32. Parekh J, Chanda S. In vitro antibacterial activity of the crude methanol extract of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. flower (Lythraceae). Brazilian J Microbiol. 2007;38:204–7.
33. Sparkman OD, Penton Z, Kitson FG. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry: a practical guide. Academic press; 2011.
34. Powers SK, Criswell D, Lawler J, Ji LL, Martin D, Herb RA, et al. Influence of exercise and fiber type on antioxidant enzyme activity in rat skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Integr Comp Physiol. 1994;266(2):R375–80.
35. Shahram S. Seed dormancy and germination of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Int J Bot. 2007;3(3):307–11.
36. Nickavar B, Salehi-Sormagi MH, Amin G, Daneshtalab M. Steam volatiles of Vaccinium arctostaphylos. Pharm Biol. 2002;40(6):448–9.
37. Moghaddasi M, Javanmard SH, Reisi P, Tajadini M, Taati M. The effect of regular exercise on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels in both hippocampi after occluding one carotid in rat. J Physiol Sci. 2014;64:325–32.
38. Takikawa M, Inoue S, Horio F, Tsuda T. Dietary anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract ameliorates hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in diabetic mice. J Nutr. 2010;140(3):527–33.
39. Kakarla P, Kesireddy S, Christiaan L. Exercise training with ageing protects against ethanol induced myocardial glutathione homeostasis. Free Radic Res. 2008;42(5):428–34.
40. Powers SK, Jackson MJ. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production. Physiol Rev. 2008;88(4):1243–76.

1. Patel H, Alkhawam H, Madanieh R, Shah N, Kosmas CE, Vittorio TJ. Aerobic vs anaerobic exercise training effects on the cardiovascular system. World J Cardiol. 2017;9(2):134.
2. Chen S, Zhou K, Shang H, Du M, Wu L, Chen Y. Effects of concurrent aerobic and resistance training on vascular health in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14.
3. Urso ML, Clarkson PM. Oxidative stress, exercise, and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicology. 2003;189(1–2):41–54.
4. Guo H, Bechtel-Walz W. The Interplay of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in the Kidney: What Do We Know? Nephron. 2023;147(10):627–42.
5. Martínez A, López-Rull I, Fargallo JA. To Prevent Oxidative Stress, What about Protoporphyrin IX, Biliverdin, and Bilirubin? Antioxidants. 2023;12(9):1662.
6. Clemente-Suárez VJ, Bustamante-Sanchez Á, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Martínez-Guardado I, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Antioxidants and Sports Performance. Nutrients. 2023;15(10):2371.
7. Dehghan G, Shaghaghi M, Jafari A, Mohammadi M, Badalzadeh R. Effect of endurance training and cinnamon supplementation on post-exercise oxidative responses in rats. Mol Biol Res Commun. 2014;3(4):269.
8. Braakhuis AJ, Hopkins WG, Lowe TE. Effect of dietary antioxidants, training, and performance correlates on antioxidant status in competitive rowers. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013;8(5):565–72.
9. Ji LL, Radak Z, Goto S. Hormesis and exercise: how the cell copes with oxidative stress. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008;3(1):41–55.
10. Nezamdoust Z, Saghebjoo M, Barzgar A. Effect of twelve weeks of aerobic training on serum levels of vaspin, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance index in women patients with type 2 diabetes. Iran J Diabetes Metab. 2015;14(2):99–104.
11. Thirupathi A, Wang M, Lin JK, Fekete G, István B, Baker JS, et al. Effect of different exercise modalities on oxidative stress: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:1–10.
12. Babaei F, Barzegari A, Norian E, Dashti Khoidaki MH. The effect of 12 weeks of submaximal swimming training on MAPK and MDA biomarkers in rats exposed to tobacco-derived nitrosamine ketone. Sport Physiol. 2023;14(56):147–76. [Text in Persian] 
13. Seyed A, Farsi S, Hosseini SA, Kaka G. Antioxidant effects of swimming training and curcumin in withdrawal period of alcohol overdose in rats. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 2018;8(3):901–10. [Text in Persian] 
14. Mirdar S, Seyedazizi R, Arzani A, Hedayati M. Effects of lead and curcumin interactions during a period of endurance training on the lung levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. No TitleJournal Sport Biomotor Sci. 2017;17(1):49–56.
15. Jahani GH, Firoozrai M, Matin Homaee H, Tarverdizadeh B, Azarbayjani MA, Movaseghi GH, et al. The effect of continuous and regular exercise on erytrocyte antioxidative enzymes activity and stress oxidative in young soccer players. Razi J Med Sci. 2010;17(74):22–32. [Text in Persian] 
16. Zalukhu ML, Phyma AR, Pinzon RT. Proses Menua, Stres Oksidatif, dan Peran Anti Oksidan. Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 2016;43(10):733–6.
17. Yunus M. The Influence of 8-Week Aerobic Exercise on Antioxidant Enzym on Young Men. Interdiscip Soc Stud. 2023;2(9):2372–8.
18. Saraf S, Vahid, Amir Sasan, Ramin, Zolfi. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and sedentary activity on salivary and blood antioxidant enzymes in inactive men. Physiology and management research in sports. 2017;9(3):75–85. [Text in Persian] 
19. Kıran TR, Otlu O, Karabulut AB. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in health and disease. J Lab Med. 2023;47(1):1–11.
20. Oyedemi SO, Afolayan AJ. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of hydroalcoholic stem bark extract of Schotia latifolia Jacq. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011;4(12):952–8.
21. Müller D, Schantz M, Richling E. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of anthocyanins in bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), and corresponding juices. J Food Sci. 2012;77(4):C340–5.
22. Moze S, Polak T, Gasperlin L, Koron D, Vanzo A, Poklar Ulrih N, et al. Phenolics in Slovenian bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(13):6998–7004.
23. Rahbarghazi A, Siahkouhian M. The effect of swimming training and curcumin supplementation on antioxidant indices inactive young men. Med J mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2021;64(2):2753–62.
24. Emami A, Sahranavard GA. Effects of Aerobic Training and Chlorella Consumption on Renal Antioxidant Indices in Male Diabetic Rats. 2020;
25. Vakili J, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Mirza Alilu T. The Effect of 10 Weeks of Resistance Training with Vaccinium Arctostaphylos Supplementation on Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women with Type II Diabetes. J Sport Biosci. 2017;9(3):399–413. [Text in Persian] 
26. Dokht H, Islami F, Rajabi H, Hedayati M. The effect of aerobic exercise and vitamin E and C supplements on GSH and GPX and SOD antioxidant enzymes in pregnant rats. Olympic. 2011; 55.
27. Irani E, Khorshidi D. The effect of total body resistance exercise and Vaccinium arctostaphylos supplementation on body composition and C-reactive protein in obese women. Daneshvar Med. 2021;29(3):66–77. [Text in Persian] 
28. Hasanloo T, Jafarkhani Kermani M, Dalvand YA, Rezazadeh S. A complete review on the genus Vaccinium and Iranian Ghareghat. J Med Plants. 2019;18(72):46–65. [Text in Persian]
29. Soltani R, Hakimi M, Asgary S, Ghanadian SM, Keshvari M, Sarrafzadegan N. Evaluation of the effects of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Fruit extract on serum lipids and hs-CRP levels and oxidative stress in adult patients with hyperlipidemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med. 2014;2014.
30. Shafiee-Nick R, Parizadeh SMR, Zokaei N, Ghorbani A. Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Vaccinium arctostaphylos on insulin release from rat-isolated langerhans islets. 2011;
31. Souza CS, de Sousa Oliveira BS, Viana GN, Correia TML, de Bragança AC, Canale D, et al. Preventive effect of exercise training on diabetic kidney disease in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes. Exp Biol Med. 2019;244(9):758–69.
32. Parekh J, Chanda S. In vitro antibacterial activity of the crude methanol extract of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. flower (Lythraceae). Brazilian J Microbiol. 2007;38:204–7.
33. Sparkman OD, Penton Z, Kitson FG. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry: a practical guide. Academic press; 2011.
34. Powers SK, Criswell D, Lawler J, Ji LL, Martin D, Herb RA, et al. Influence of exercise and fiber type on antioxidant enzyme activity in rat skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Integr Comp Physiol. 1994;266(2):R375–80.
35. Shahram S. Seed dormancy and germination of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Int J Bot. 2007;3(3):307–11.
36. Nickavar B, Salehi-Sormagi MH, Amin G, Daneshtalab M. Steam volatiles of Vaccinium arctostaphylos. Pharm Biol. 2002;40(6):448–9.
37. Moghaddasi M, Javanmard SH, Reisi P, Tajadini M, Taati M. The effect of regular exercise on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels in both hippocampi after occluding one carotid in rat. J Physiol Sci. 2014;64:325–32.
38. Takikawa M, Inoue S, Horio F, Tsuda T. Dietary anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract ameliorates hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in diabetic mice. J Nutr. 2010;140(3):527–33.
39. Kakarla P, Kesireddy S, Christiaan L. Exercise training with ageing protects against ethanol induced myocardial glutathione homeostasis. Free Radic Res. 2008;42(5):428–34.
40. Powers SK, Jackson MJ. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production. Physiol Rev. 2008;88(4):1243–76.

1. Patel H, Alkhawam H, Madanieh R, Shah N, Kosmas CE, Vittorio TJ. Aerobic vs anaerobic exercise training effects on the cardiovascular system. World J Cardiol. 2017;9(2):134.
2. Chen S, Zhou K, Shang H, Du M, Wu L, Chen Y. Effects of concurrent aerobic and resistance training on vascular health in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023;14.
3. Urso ML, Clarkson PM. Oxidative stress, exercise, and antioxidant supplementation. Toxicology. 2003;189(1–2):41–54.
4. Guo H, Bechtel-Walz W. The Interplay of Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in the Kidney: What Do We Know? Nephron. 2023;147(10):627–42.
5. Martínez A, López-Rull I, Fargallo JA. To Prevent Oxidative Stress, What about Protoporphyrin IX, Biliverdin, and Bilirubin? Antioxidants. 2023;12(9):1662.
6. Clemente-Suárez VJ, Bustamante-Sanchez Á, Mielgo-Ayuso J, Martínez-Guardado I, Martín-Rodríguez A, Tornero-Aguilera JF. Antioxidants and Sports Performance. Nutrients. 2023;15(10):2371.
7. Dehghan G, Shaghaghi M, Jafari A, Mohammadi M, Badalzadeh R. Effect of endurance training and cinnamon supplementation on post-exercise oxidative responses in rats. Mol Biol Res Commun. 2014;3(4):269.
8. Braakhuis AJ, Hopkins WG, Lowe TE. Effect of dietary antioxidants, training, and performance correlates on antioxidant status in competitive rowers. Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2013;8(5):565–72.
9. Ji LL, Radak Z, Goto S. Hormesis and exercise: how the cell copes with oxidative stress. Am J Pharmacol Toxicol. 2008;3(1):41–55.
10. Nezamdoust Z, Saghebjoo M, Barzgar A. Effect of twelve weeks of aerobic training on serum levels of vaspin, fasting blood sugar, and insulin resistance index in women patients with type 2 diabetes. Iran J Diabetes Metab. 2015;14(2):99–104.
11. Thirupathi A, Wang M, Lin JK, Fekete G, István B, Baker JS, et al. Effect of different exercise modalities on oxidative stress: a systematic review. Biomed Res Int. 2021;2021:1–10.
12. Babaei F, Barzegari A, Norian E, Dashti Khoidaki MH. The effect of 12 weeks of submaximal swimming training on MAPK and MDA biomarkers in rats exposed to tobacco-derived nitrosamine ketone. Sport Physiol. 2023;14(56):147–76. [Text in Persian] 
13. Seyed A, Farsi S, Hosseini SA, Kaka G. Antioxidant effects of swimming training and curcumin in withdrawal period of alcohol overdose in rats. J Fasa Univ Med Sci. 2018;8(3):901–10. [Text in Persian] 
14. Mirdar S, Seyedazizi R, Arzani A, Hedayati M. Effects of lead and curcumin interactions during a period of endurance training on the lung levels of vascular endothelial growth factor. No TitleJournal Sport Biomotor Sci. 2017;17(1):49–56.
15. Jahani GH, Firoozrai M, Matin Homaee H, Tarverdizadeh B, Azarbayjani MA, Movaseghi GH, et al. The effect of continuous and regular exercise on erytrocyte antioxidative enzymes activity and stress oxidative in young soccer players. Razi J Med Sci. 2010;17(74):22–32. [Text in Persian] 
16. Zalukhu ML, Phyma AR, Pinzon RT. Proses Menua, Stres Oksidatif, dan Peran Anti Oksidan. Cermin Dunia Kedokt. 2016;43(10):733–6.
17. Yunus M. The Influence of 8-Week Aerobic Exercise on Antioxidant Enzym on Young Men. Interdiscip Soc Stud. 2023;2(9):2372–8.
18. Saraf S, Vahid, Amir Sasan, Ramin, Zolfi. The effect of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and sedentary activity on salivary and blood antioxidant enzymes in inactive men. Physiology and management research in sports. 2017;9(3):75–85. [Text in Persian] 
19. Kıran TR, Otlu O, Karabulut AB. Oxidative stress and antioxidants in health and disease. J Lab Med. 2023;47(1):1–11.
20. Oyedemi SO, Afolayan AJ. Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of hydroalcoholic stem bark extract of Schotia latifolia Jacq. Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2011;4(12):952–8.
21. Müller D, Schantz M, Richling E. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of anthocyanins in bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.), blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.), and corresponding juices. J Food Sci. 2012;77(4):C340–5.
22. Moze S, Polak T, Gasperlin L, Koron D, Vanzo A, Poklar Ulrih N, et al. Phenolics in Slovenian bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.). J Agric Food Chem. 2011;59(13):6998–7004.
23. Rahbarghazi A, Siahkouhian M. The effect of swimming training and curcumin supplementation on antioxidant indices inactive young men. Med J mashhad Univ Med Sci. 2021;64(2):2753–62.
24. Emami A, Sahranavard GA. Effects of Aerobic Training and Chlorella Consumption on Renal Antioxidant Indices in Male Diabetic Rats. 2020;
25. Vakili J, Aghamohammadzadeh N, Mirza Alilu T. The Effect of 10 Weeks of Resistance Training with Vaccinium Arctostaphylos Supplementation on Some Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Women with Type II Diabetes. J Sport Biosci. 2017;9(3):399–413. [Text in Persian] 
26. Dokht H, Islami F, Rajabi H, Hedayati M. The effect of aerobic exercise and vitamin E and C supplements on GSH and GPX and SOD antioxidant enzymes in pregnant rats. Olympic. 2011; 55.
27. Irani E, Khorshidi D. The effect of total body resistance exercise and Vaccinium arctostaphylos supplementation on body composition and C-reactive protein in obese women. Daneshvar Med. 2021;29(3):66–77. [Text in Persian] 
28. Hasanloo T, Jafarkhani Kermani M, Dalvand YA, Rezazadeh S. A complete review on the genus Vaccinium and Iranian Ghareghat. J Med Plants. 2019;18(72):46–65. [Text in Persian]
29. Soltani R, Hakimi M, Asgary S, Ghanadian SM, Keshvari M, Sarrafzadegan N. Evaluation of the effects of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Fruit extract on serum lipids and hs-CRP levels and oxidative stress in adult patients with hyperlipidemia: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Evidence-Based Complement Altern Med. 2014;2014.
30. Shafiee-Nick R, Parizadeh SMR, Zokaei N, Ghorbani A. Effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Vaccinium arctostaphylos on insulin release from rat-isolated langerhans islets. 2011;
31. Souza CS, de Sousa Oliveira BS, Viana GN, Correia TML, de Bragança AC, Canale D, et al. Preventive effect of exercise training on diabetic kidney disease in ovariectomized rats with type 1 diabetes. Exp Biol Med. 2019;244(9):758–69.
32. Parekh J, Chanda S. In vitro antibacterial activity of the crude methanol extract of Woodfordia fruticosa Kurz. flower (Lythraceae). Brazilian J Microbiol. 2007;38:204–7.
33. Sparkman OD, Penton Z, Kitson FG. Gas chromatography and mass spectrometry: a practical guide. Academic press; 2011.
34. Powers SK, Criswell D, Lawler J, Ji LL, Martin D, Herb RA, et al. Influence of exercise and fiber type on antioxidant enzyme activity in rat skeletal muscle. Am J Physiol Integr Comp Physiol. 1994;266(2):R375–80.
35. Shahram S. Seed dormancy and germination of Vaccinium arctostaphylos L. Int J Bot. 2007;3(3):307–11.
36. Nickavar B, Salehi-Sormagi MH, Amin G, Daneshtalab M. Steam volatiles of Vaccinium arctostaphylos. Pharm Biol. 2002;40(6):448–9.
37. Moghaddasi M, Javanmard SH, Reisi P, Tajadini M, Taati M. The effect of regular exercise on antioxidant enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation levels in both hippocampi after occluding one carotid in rat. J Physiol Sci. 2014;64:325–32.
38. Takikawa M, Inoue S, Horio F, Tsuda T. Dietary anthocyanin-rich bilberry extract ameliorates hyperglycemia and insulin sensitivity via activation of AMP-activated protein kinase in diabetic mice. J Nutr. 2010;140(3):527–33.
39. Kakarla P, Kesireddy S, Christiaan L. Exercise training with ageing protects against ethanol induced myocardial glutathione homeostasis. Free Radic Res. 2008;42(5):428–34.

40.          Powers SK, Jackson MJ. Exercise-induced oxidative stress: cellular mechanisms and impact on muscle force production. Physiol Rev. 2008;88(4):1243–76.