Sports and health nutrition
Fatemeh Kazeminasab
Abstract
Background: The exercise training and vegetarian diets have been accepted as a suitable and non-pharmacological method to improve lifestyle and reduce metabolic diseases, including diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effect of aerobic exercise and vegetarian ...
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Background: The exercise training and vegetarian diets have been accepted as a suitable and non-pharmacological method to improve lifestyle and reduce metabolic diseases, including diabetes and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate the combined effect of aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet on insulin resistance factors.Methods: The PubMed, Web of Science, SID, Magiran, and Google scholar databases were searched until February 2022 for English articles. Meta-analyses were performed to compare the impact of aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet on insulin resistance factors (fasting glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR). Standardized mean differences (SMD), weighted mean differences (WMD), and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using random and fixed effect models. Also, the I2 test was used to determine heterogeneity, and the Funnel plot and Egger tests at a significant level of 0.1 were used to determine publication bias.Results: The results of meta-analysis of 29 studies with 10019 adults, showed that aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet significantly decreased in body weight [WMD=-4.49, (CI: -6.27 to -2.72), p=0.001], fasting serum glucose [SMD=-0.46, (CI: -0.65 to -0.27), p=0.001], serum insulin [SMD=-0.42, (CI: -0.52 to -0.32), p=0.001], and HOMA-IR [WMD=-0.73, (CI: -0.97 to -0.49), p=0.001].Conclusion: The findings of the present meta-analysis show the important role of exercise and vegetarian diet in improving insulin resistance. So, aerobic exercise and vegetarian diet are suggested as a non-drug approach for reducing fasting insulin and glucose for adults.
Resistance and aerobic exercises
fateme mehdipour; Arsalan Damirchi; payam saidie; Alia saberi
Abstract
Aim: the purpose of This study aimed to investigate the impact of 8 weeks of using three exercise regimens on glucose profiles and fat percentage in women with MS.Methods: This experimental study included 40 females diagnosed with MS (mean age: 34.30 ± 3.50). The participants were randomly assigned ...
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Aim: the purpose of This study aimed to investigate the impact of 8 weeks of using three exercise regimens on glucose profiles and fat percentage in women with MS.Methods: This experimental study included 40 females diagnosed with MS (mean age: 34.30 ± 3.50). The participants were randomly assigned to four groups (N=10): aerobic training (AT), resistance training (RT), combined aerobic and resistance training (AT+RT), and control. The RT involved a series of movements using weighted vests (5-10% of body weight) for three days per week. The AT sessions were conducted for two days per week, lasting 10-30 minutes (40-60% of maximum heart rate). The AT+RT group performed exercises five days per week (two days of AT and three days of RT). Data analysis employed two-way ANOVA with repeated measures and Bonferroni's post hoc test. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26 software, with a significance level of 0.05.Results: The results revealed no significant differences between groups. However, within-group analyses demonstrated a significant decrease in insulin, cortisol, HbA1C, and HOMA-IR levels compared to baseline in the intervention groups.Conclusions: These findings suggest that exercise interventions have the potential to positively influence metabolic parameters in individuals with MS. Further research is needed to explore optimal exercise protocols and long-term effects in this population.Key words: Multiple sclerosis, body composition, sugar profile
Physical activity, weight control and obesity
Mohammad Javad Ahmadi Panjaki; Khadijeh Irandoust; Rasoul Samimi
Abstract
Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic liver condition that can be caused by a lack of physical activity and a decrease in cardiopulmonary function. Improving lifestyle and increasing physical activity can be effective in ameliorating the condition. Chromium supplementation has ...
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Introduction: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic liver condition that can be caused by a lack of physical activity and a decrease in cardiopulmonary function. Improving lifestyle and increasing physical activity can be effective in ameliorating the condition. Chromium supplementation has been found to be effective in improving the health of individuals with obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of a six-week exercise snacking program and chromium supplementation on patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods: In this study, 30 participants with fatty liver grade 1, 2, or 3 were randomly divided into four groups: exercise and chromium (N=8), chromium (N=8), exercise (N=7), and control (N=7). Measurements were taken for ALT and AST levels, triglycerides, body weight, age, waist circumference, and sonogram diagnosis.Findings: The results showed a significant decrease in fatty liver grade in both the exercise and chromium group (P=0.02) and the exercise group (P=0.01). Additionally, there was a significant decrease in ALT levels in the exercise and chromium group (P=0.001) after six weeks. These findings suggest that exercise snacking, either alone or with chromium supplementation, can be effective in ameliorating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Conclusion: This study provides support for the use of exercise snacking, either alone or with chromium supplementation, as an effective treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. These findings suggest that physical activity, in the form of exercise snacking, can be a suitable intervention for patients with NAFLD.
Exercise Physiology
amir khosravi; Vahid Valipour Dehnou; Rima Shayan Nasab; sakine Jafarian
Abstract
Aim: One of the complications of menopause that plays an important role in reducing the quality of life is the reduction of body fat-free mass. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a period of whole body vibration course on myostatin and follistatin Serum in Postmenopausal Women. Methods: ...
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Aim: One of the complications of menopause that plays an important role in reducing the quality of life is the reduction of body fat-free mass. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a period of whole body vibration course on myostatin and follistatin Serum in Postmenopausal Women. Methods: In this semi experimental study, 20 postmenopausal women with hypothyroidism were selected and divided into two groups of 10: control (C) and whole body vibration training (V). Group V performed these exercises for 12 weeks and three times a week, with a frequency of 30 to 50 Hz, applying on upper and lower limb training. At the beginning and end of the study, blood serum myostatin and follistatin levels were measured using the ELISA method, , body fat percentage, body mass index, and body weight. Due to the normality of data distribution, independent t and covariance statistical methods were used for analysis at a significance level of 0.05. Results: 12 weeks of whole body vibration training in group V significantly increased the serum levels of follistatin (P=0.001), and decreased myostatine (P=0.018) compared to the control group. There was also a significant decrease in body fat percentage (P=0.041), body mass index (P=0.044) and weight (P=0.047).Conclusions: It seems that whole body vibration training increases serum levels of follistatin and decreases myostatin in postmenopausal women, and these positive changes may play an important role in improving lean mass of postmenopausal women.
